Tree vigour, cropping, and phenology of sweet cherries in two systems of tree training on dwarf rootstocks

Abstract

Blažková J., Drahošová H., Hlušičková I., 2010. Tree vigour, cropping, and phenology of sweet cherries in two systems of tree training on dwarf rootstocks. Hort. Sci. (Prague), 37: 127-138.Five cultivars and four rootstocks (Gisela 5, P-HL-A, P-HL-B, and Tabel Edabriz) were evaluated on trees in fruiting stage trained like spindle and on trellis. Tree vigour was significantly related to cultivar, rootstock and to tree training. Spindles were generally more vigorous than trees on trellis with exception of cv. Kordia. In several cases special combinations of cultivar, rootstock, and method of tree training differed significantly from mean effects of the three factors. Time of flowering was significantly dependent on the cultivar and varied annually within 15 days. Time of fruit harvest was also influenced by the rootstock and in two cases mutually contradictory to the tree training method. Yields per tree were generally dependent on the cultivar. With Burlat and cv. Kordia rootstock and tree training were also important. Higher specific yields were recorded on trellis-trained trees. Remarkable in this respect were Vanda and trees of Summit on P-HL-B and Starking Hardy Giant on Tabel Edabriz. Higher specific yields on spindle had Kordia on P-HL-A and Tabel Edabriz and Burlat on P-HL-A. Mean values of annual yields per hectare in spindle ranged between 10.0 to 17.5 t whereas in trellis between 6.7 to 12.3 t. The absolute highest annual yield (35.7 t) was recorded on spindle trees of Kordia on P-HL-A. In trellis the highest yield of 27.1 t had Kordia on Gisela 5. The advantage of spindle over trellis was greater in Burlat and Kordia but much lower in cv. Vanda. Fruit size mainly depended on the year. Only two rootstocks influenced fruit size differently in some years. Training system had no effect on fruit size.

Influence of Rootstocks (Gisela 5, Gisela 6, MaxMa, SL 64) on Performance of ‘0900 Ziraat’ Sweet Cherry

“…While in terms of vegetative growth there is not statistically considerable difference between Gisela 5 and Gisela 6 rootstocks, the smallest values were obtained from these two rootstocks throughout the study. As a matter of fact, many studies [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] show that tree vigor changes according to rootstock that used, and vigorous rootstocks produced more vegetative growth compared to dwarfing rootstocks.…”

“…It can be said that the difference between rootstocks' precocity plays an important role in these results. The effect of rootstocks on yield per tree is supported by many studies [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

“…While the lowest value was recorded with SL 64 rootstock, the differences among the other three rootstocks (Gisela 5, Gisela 6 and MaxMa 14) were not statistically significant, though the highest value was obtained with Gisela 5 ( Table 2). As a matter of fact [7], determined that rootstock has a significant effect on yield efficiency, and Gisela 5 rootstock has the highest and P-HL-B rootstock has the lowest yield efficiency.…”

Influence of various biofertilizers on root growth dynamics in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cv. 'Vanda'

“…In both the commercial and amateur cultivation of sour cherry, the selection of the rootstock, apart from the cultivar, is also of crucial importance because it determines tree growth vigour and productivity as well as an adequate supply of minerals. A good rootstock for this cultivar, recommended by many authors, is 'GiSelA 5' (P. cerasus L. × P. canescens L.) (Grzyb et al 2008;Blažková et al 2010;Sitarek, Bartosiewicz 2013). Trees grafted onto it grow by about 30-50% less vigorously than on Prunus avium seedlings, produce very good crops, and are relatively resistant to pests and diseases (Stehr 2005;Sitarek et al 2005).…”

Long-term evaluation of rootstock effects on cropping and tree parameters of selected sweet cherry cultivars

“…In this study, as a standard seedling rootstock, P-TU-2 was used that was selected and registered in the Czech Republic in 1971 (Blažková et al 2010).…”