Trends and birth outcomes in adolescent refugees and migrants on the Thailand-Myanmar border, 1986-2016: an observational study

Parker, Amber L.; Parker, Daniel M.; Zan, Blooming Night; Min, Aung Myat; Gilder, Mary Ellen; Ringringulu, Maxime; Win, Elsi; Wiladphaingern, Jacher; Charunwatthana, Prakaykaew; Nosten, François; Lee, Sue J.; McGready, Rose

doi:10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14613.1

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Because most of the primigravidae were < 20 years old, age was analyzed separately. Similar to previous findings in large pregnancy registry studies [24,27], young maternal age was associated with increased odds of both PTD and LBW.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Adverse pregnancy outcomes among women presenting at antenatal clinics in Ouélessébougou, Mali

Andemel

Gaoussou²,

Issiaka³

et al. 2020

Reprod Health

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Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, malaria continues to scourge the population and is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in young children and pregnant women. As current preventative measures such as intermittent preventive treatment and use of insecticide-treated nets provide incomplete protection, several malaria vaccines are currently under development, including one to specifically prevent pregnancy malaria. Prior to conducting vaccine trials, it is important to obtain background information on poor pregnancy outcomes in the target population to establish a baseline. Methods: Pregnant women presenting at community health care centers for antenatal care were recruited to the study. Gestational age was determined by ultrasound examination following recruitment. Antenatal care and pregnancy outcome information were collected during a visit 4-8 weeks post-delivery. Results: One thousand eight hundred fifty women completed the study, and analysis included 1814 women after excluding multiple gestations (n = 26) and missing/incomplete data (n = 10). The percentage (95% CI) of adverse pregnancy outcomes is as follows: miscarriage, 0.28% (0.04-0.52); stillbirth, 1.93% (1.30-2.56); early neonatal death, 1.65% (1.03-2.24); late neonatal death, 0.39%, (0.10-0.68); and preterm delivery (PTD), 4.74% (3.76-5.73). The percentages of early and late neonatal deaths and PTD were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in primigravid compared to multigravid women. In primigravidae, 3.1, 1.1 and 7.1% of pregnancies resulted in early neonatal death, late neonatal death and PTD, respectively, while these outcomes in multigravidae were 1.0, 0.1 and 2.7%, respectively. Major malformations were identified in 4 newborns. Conclusions: Low gravidity and young age predict perinatal death and PTD. The information collected here can be used as a baseline for adverse pregnancy outcomes in future vaccine trials in pregnant women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Adverse pregnancy outcomes among women presenting at antenatal clinics in Ouélessébougou, Mali

Andemel

Gaoussou²,

Issiaka³

et al. 2020

Reprod Health

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“…Therefore, the present study adds to the literature on the double burden of malnutrition in LMIC settings. Although the present study did not find an association between teenage pregnancy and low BMI (likely due to the small sample size), we note that teen pregnancy hovers consistently around 20 % over the study period and has been demonstrated to be associated with low BMI and under-nutrition in a larger cohort in this same population (63) . Therefore, as a risk factor for low BMI, programming around maternal nutrition in communities along the Thailand-Myanmar border may do well to pay specific attention to teen pregnancy for the reduction in the burden of maternal underweight.…”

contrasting

confidence: 86%

Nutrition in transition: historical cohort analysis summarising trends in under- and over-nutrition among pregnant women in a marginalised population along the Thailand–Myanmar border from 1986 to 2016

Hashmi

Lee

et al. 2019

Br J Nutr

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The objective of the present study is to summarise trends in under- and over-nutrition in pregnant women on the Thailand–Myanmar border. Refugees contributed data from 1986 to 2016 and migrants from 1999 to 2016 for weight at first antenatal consultation. BMI and gestational weight gain (GWG) data were available during 2004–2016 when height was routinely measured. Risk factors for low and high BMI were analysed for <18·5 kg/m2 or ≥23 kg/m2, respectively. A total of 48 062 pregnancies over 30 years were available for weight analysis and 14 646 pregnancies over 13 years (2004–2016) had BMI measured in first trimester (<14 weeks’ gestational age). Mean weight at first antenatal consultation in any trimester increased over the 30-year period by 2·0 to 5·2 kg for all women. First trimester BMI has been increasing on average by 0·5 kg/m2 for refugees and 0·6 kg/m2 for migrants, every 5 years. The proportion of women with low BMI in the first trimester decreased from 16·7 to 12·7 % for refugees and 23·1 to 20·2 % for migrants, whereas high BMI increased markedly from 16·9 to 33·2 % for refugees and 12·3 to 28·4 % for migrants. Multivariate analysis demonstrated low BMI as positively associated with being Burman, Muslim, primigravid, having malaria during pregnancy and smoking, and negatively associated with refugee as opposed to migrant status. High BMI was positively associated with being Muslim and literate, and negatively associated with age, primigravida, malaria, anaemia and smoking. Mean GWG was 10·0 (sd 3·4), 9·5 (sd 3·6) and 8·3 (sd 4·3) kg, for low, normal and high WHO BMI categories for Asians, respectively.

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“… 4 Eritrean refugees in the northern Tigray region, Ethiopia (28.4%), 29 Somalian refugees in Kobe refugee camp of Somali region, Ethiopia (26.3%) 30 and among refugees in Thailand–Myanmar border settlement, Southeast Asia. 31 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At least 777 000 births occur to adolescent girls younger than 15 years in developing countries 1. Adolescent pregnancy is associated with higher risks of adverse birth outcomes such as preterm birth, low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, stillbirth, unsafe abortion, maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity compared with women in their 20s 2–10. Complications from pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death among adolescent girls 11 12.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy among adolescent girls in humanitarian settings: a case in refugee camp of Gambella regional state, community-based cross-sectional study, Southwest Ethiopia, 2021

2022

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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of pregnancy and associated factors among adolescent girls in Nguenyyiel Refugee Camp.DesignCross-sectional study was employed to conduct this study.SettingA community-based cross-sectional study was done in Nguenyyiel Refugee Camp.ParticipantsFour hundred and fourteen adolescent girls participated in this study. The systematic random sampling technique was used to select respondents. Data were collected using a well-structured and pretested questionnaire. Pregnancy test was done using the human chorionic gonadotropin test. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was run to identify factors associated with adolescent pregnancy.ResultsThe prevalence of pregnancy among adolescent girls in the Nguenyyiel Refugee Camp was 21.7% (95% CI: 17.6% to 25.6%). Factors associated with adolescent pregnancy were age (17–19 years) (AOR): 2.79; 95% CI: 1.55 to 5.05; educational status: primary education (AOR: 7.69; 95% CI: 3.55 to 16.68) and no formal education (AOR: 3.42; 95% CI: 1.59 to 7.36); and household living arrangement: living with none of the biological parents (AOR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.02 to 4.49) and living with either of the biological parent (AOR: 3.71; 95% CI: 1.76 to 7.81).Conclusions and recommendationsThis study showed that there is a high prevalence of pregnancy among adolescent girls in the study setting. Age (17–19 years), educational status and household living arrangement (living with none of the biological parents and living with either of the biological parents) were among the factors significantly associated with adolescent pregnancy. Hence, health workers and other stakeholders in the camps should focus on strengthening adolescent sexual health education giving special attention to late adolescents, uneducated and living without biological family.

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Trends and birth outcomes in adolescent refugees and migrants on the Thailand-Myanmar border, 1986-2016: an observational study

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Adverse pregnancy outcomes among women presenting at antenatal clinics in Ouélessébougou, Mali

Adverse pregnancy outcomes among women presenting at antenatal clinics in Ouélessébougou, Mali

Nutrition in transition: historical cohort analysis summarising trends in under- and over-nutrition among pregnant women in a marginalised population along the Thailand–Myanmar border from 1986 to 2016

Pregnancy among adolescent girls in humanitarian settings: a case in refugee camp of Gambella regional state, community-based cross-sectional study, Southwest Ethiopia, 2021

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