Trends and perspectives in Nuclear Forensic Science

Varga, Zsolt; Wallenius, Maria; Krachler, Michael; Rauff-Nisthar, N.; Fongaro, Lorenzo; Knott, Alexander; Nicholl, Adrian; Mayer, Klaus

doi:10.1016/j.trac.2021.116503

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…At the moment, considerable efforts are invested in the development of sustainable nanosystems as front-end technology for MS [85]. Likewise, in the framework of the Community Research and Development Information Service (CORDIS) of the European Commission, there is a project funded by the EU's framework programs for research and innovation of the rapid screening and identification of illegal drugs by IR absorption spectroscopy and gas chromatography as well as an initiative to redefine MS into a breakthrough platform for real-time noninvasive breath analysis with single ion detection of intact viruses and bacteria and post-analysis molecular characterization, so Ms has a future as a sustainable method of the tomorrow [86][87][88].…”

Section: Sustainable Ms-based Quantitative Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Spectrometry-Based Techniques Towards OMICS 2.0

Šoša¹

2023

Preprint

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The literature was scoped to help place mass spectrometric (MS) platforms in the spotlight of the life sciences, as a tool of OMICS and OMICS 2.0 technologies. Moreover, today’s appliances are so handy, that they literally place a whole lab on a single chip. Methods of OMICS (and the most recently developed term OMICS 2.0) are tackled, having in mind their aptness for educational purposes, as well as their feasibility. This same topic was highlighted in many reviews that have been periodically published. The author’s initial interest was the forensic application of MS, but since these interests changed, terms such as “biosensors” were also examined, so the review included means of discovery of efficient biomarkers and clinical therapeutic targets. Aside from simply reviewing the research status and the future perspectives, this article tackles terms such as Society 5.0 and OMICS 2.0. However, within the framework of this review, physical chemistry, bioinformatics, or specific software solutions were not specifically studied. Since the topic of generating permanent collections of digital content for retrospective analysis was also reviewed, the need for loads of data – cloud storage was discussed in the context of MS. These large quantities of data are easier to operate with if generated by MS, rather than by any other commercially available assay. In this manner, the review has strengthened an in-depth understanding of the applications of MS.

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Section: Sustainable Ms-based Quantitative Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Spectrometry-Based Techniques Towards OMICS 2.0

Šoša¹

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Likewise, in the framework of the Community Research and Development Information Service (CORDIS) of the European Commission, there is a project funded by the EU's framework programs for research and innovation of the rapid screening and identification of illegal drugs by IR absorption spectroscopy and gas chromatography as well as an initiative to redefine MS into a breakthrough platform for real-time noninvasive breath analysis with single ion detection of intact viruses and bacteria and post-analysis molecular characterization, so Ms has a future as a sustainable method of the tomorrow [80][81][82].…”

Section: Without Actually Knowing What Sustainability Looks Like In P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Spectrometry-Based Techniques Towards OMICS 2.0

Šoša¹

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The literature was scoped to help place mass spectrometric (MS) platforms in the spotlight of the life sciences, as a tool of OMICS and OMICS 2.0 technologies. These methods were discussed, and their feasibility was highlighted in many reviews that have been periodically published, in addition to the most recently developed term OMICS 2.0. This author’s primary interest was the forensic application of MS, but since these interests got broadened, terms such as “biosensors” were also included. So, means of discovery of efficient biomarkers and clinical therapeutic targets were also reviewed. However, within the framework of this review, physical chemistry, bioinformatics, or specific software solutions were not specifically scoped. Aside from simply reviewing the research status and the future perspectives, this article tackles terms such as Society 5.0 and OMICS 2.0. Since the topic of generating permanent collections of digital content for retrospective analysis was reviewed, what requires loads of data – cloud storage is discussed in the context of MS. In this manner, the review has strengthened an in-depth understanding of the applications of MS. These large quantities of data are easier to operate with if generated by MS, rather than by any other commercially available assay.

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“…Since the early 1990s, numerous incidences of nuclear smuggling, globally, have been reported in the IAEA’s Incident and Trafficking Database (ITDB), which required a rapid development of a field, “nuclear forensics”, in the past few years. − Nuclear forensics is the identification, characterization, and assay of special nuclear materials (SNMs) diverted from regulatory control to provide support for nuclear attribution and legal proceedings. Numerous advanced analytical methodologies have been evolved in the recent past to address complex nuclear forensic problems using experiments (majorly destructive analysis) and artificial intelligence/machine learning techniques. − For the samples mostly encountered in nuclear forensics, prior information about the nature of the sample and its contents is not known, and thus, nondestructive γ-ray spectrometry can play an important role in fairly rapid harvesting of information about the isotopic composition and their absolute amounts present in a sealed voluminous sample, without altering the physical integrity or the chemical form of the sample, thereby helping in quick “on-site” decision making regarding the severity, potential radiological threat, and possible intended use of the diversion. , This would assist in setting up the roadmap for the next steps of analysis for more detailed nuclear forensic investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In View of “On-Site” Nuclear Forensics and Assay of Fissile Materials in Sealed Packages by High-Resolution γ-Ray Spectrometry

et al. 2023

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Several incidences of nuclear smuggling during the past few decades have raised the demand for the development of a strong “on-site” nuclear forensic infrastructure. High-resolution γ-ray spectrometry (HRGRS) plays an important role in nuclear forensics. However, the existing methodologies, developed primarily for nuclear fuel cycle applications, are relative and rely on the availability of a standard, limiting their use for the absolute assay of special nuclear materials in nonstandard geometry samples with an unknown matrix, which is vital to make a quick “on-site” decision on the severity, potential radiological threat, and intended use of an interdicted package. In this work, a methodology has been developed using HRGRS for quantifying fissile (235U, 239Pu) and other radioisotopes, which is applicable to sealed packages without requiring the knowledge of the sample geometry and the matrices. By combining experiments and Monte Carlo simulations, an iterative methodology has been proposed for “point” to “extended” source absolute efficiency transformation and demonstrated further for the absolute isotopic assay of uranium and plutonium standards, mock-up nuclear forensic samples, and an unknown nuclear material mixture with a nonstandard geometry, compound matrices, and a wide variation in the elemental and isotopic compositions with a view to imitate an “on-site” experience. The present methodology requires an assay time of only a few minutes to an hour and thus promises “on-site” nuclear forensic analysis of suspected flagged packages at borders and ports using high-resolution γ-ray spectrometry. Furthermore, the present methodology is versatile and can also be adopted for wider applications, beyond nuclear forensics.

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Trends and perspectives in Nuclear Forensic Science

Cited by 28 publications

References 75 publications

Mass Spectrometry-Based Techniques Towards OMICS 2.0

Mass Spectrometry-Based Techniques Towards OMICS 2.0

Mass Spectrometry-Based Techniques Towards OMICS 2.0

In View of “On-Site” Nuclear Forensics and Assay of Fissile Materials in Sealed Packages by High-Resolution γ-Ray Spectrometry

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