Trends in antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli from defined infections in humans and animals

Abstract

Objectives To characterize and compare resistance trends in clinical Escherichia coli isolates from humans, food-producing animals (poultry, cattle and swine) and pets (dogs and cats). Methods Antibiogram results collected between January 2014 and December 2017 by MedQual [the French surveillance network for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria isolated from the community] and RESAPATH (the French surveillance network for AMR in bacteria from diseased animals) were analysed, focusing on resistance to antibiotics of common interest to human and veterinary medicine. Resistance dynamics were investigated using generalized additive models. Results In total, 743 637 antibiograms from humans, 48 170 from food-producing animals and 7750 from pets were analysed. For each antibiotic investigated, the resistance proportions of isolates collected from humans were of the same order of magnitude as those from food-producing animals or pets. However, resistance trends in humans differed from those observed in pets and food-producing animals over the period studied. For example, resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones was almost always below 10% for both humans and animals. However, in contrast to the notable decreases in resistance observed in both food-producing animals and pets, resistance in humans decreased only slightly. Conclusions Despite several potential biases in the data, the resistance trends remain meaningful. The strength of the parallel is based on similar data collection in humans and animals and on a similar statistical methodology. Resistance dynamics seemed specific to each species, reflecting different antibiotic-use practices. These results advocate applying the efforts already being made to reduce antibiotic use to all sectors and all species, both in human and veterinary medicine.

Trends, relationships and case attribution of antibiotic resistance between children and environmental sources in rural India

“…This suggests there has been a possible overall decrease in resistance in nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole and ESBL, but an increase in resistance in ampicillin and amikacin. Our findings are similar of that found in another study from France, which found that most of the trends in antibiotic resistance in humans, pets and food-animals were either stationary or negative 30 . However, the consensus of the literature and guidance from international organisations is that antibiotic resistance is increasing globally 1 , 3 , 4 , 24 , 44 .…”

“…Previous studies, including a meta-analysis, have compared prevalence of resistance of simultaneously collected specimens from humans, animals and the environment. However, they have not explored the association between them, often due to methodological limitations 30 – 32 . Of the analyses of temporal association between sources (n = 69), 18 were statistically significant and the vast majority of these were positively associated.…”

“…The data was collected simultaneously and collated homogenously, which allowed the study of associations between the sources. Previous studies of antibiotic resistance that have included all three components of the ‘one health’ concept have been limited by not collecting data in this way, hence these studies only describe patterns and trends 30 , 31 . However, there are weaknesses within this study design as well.…”

“…There has been substantial work in improving knowledge of drivers and transmission pathways of antibiotic resistance. However, the exact relationships between resistance in humans and animals 7 , 30 and humans and their environment remain unclear 7 , 23 . Therefore, we aimed to determine the temporal associations and over time trends of antibiotic resistance of commensal E. coli isolated from children and their household drinking water, source drinking water, wastewater and from animals sharing the same community environment in rural India, over a 2-year period.…”

Uji Resistensi Terhadap Beberapa Antibiotika pada Escherichia coli yang Diisolasi dari Kucing di Klinik Hewan Kota Bogor

“…Cain et al (2019) menyebutkan bahwa E. coli merupakan salah satu bakteri yang banyak ditemukan mengalami resistensi terhadap antibiotika golongan β-laktam, aminoglikosida, tetrasiklin dan kuinolon yang digunakan pada klinik hewan. Mekanisme resistensi pada E. coli terjadi beberapa proses yaitu dengan menutup pori-pori pada dinding sel sehingga mengurangi jumlah antibiotika yang melintasi dinding sel (Bourley et al 2020), meningkatkan produksi betalaktamase periplasmik sehingga merusak struktur betalaktam, meningkatkan output pompa (mekanisme efflux) pada transmembran sehingga bakteri dapat mengeksresikan antibiotika sebelum terjadi efek apapun, memodifikasi enzim yang menyebabkan antibiotika kehilangan kemampuan untuk berinteraksi dengan situs target yang kemudian menghambat kerja antibiotika maupun pada lipopolisakarida sehingga antibiotika tidak dapat mengikat target (Peleg & Hooper, 2010).…”