Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Group A Streptococci, Molecular Basis and Implications

Abraham, Tintu; Sistla, Sujatha

doi:10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_18_107

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These findings were consistent with those from previous study in 2013 that the resistance rates of isolates obtained from scarlet fever in Beijing to erythromycin, clindamycin and tetracycline were 99.3, 99.3 and 88.2% respectively [ 26 ]. However, Erythromycin resistance was found in 51.4% of isolates in India [ 27 ]. In Brazil, resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin was 15.4% [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of group a streptococcus recovered from patients in Beijing, China

Zhou

Zhao

et al. 2020

BMC Infect Dis

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Background: Group A streptococcus (GAS) is an important human pathogen responsible for a broad range of infections. Epidemiological surveillance has been crucial to detect changes in the geographical and temporal variation of the disease pattern. The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiological characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of GAS isolates from patients in Children's Hospital in Beijing. Methods: From 2016 to 2017, pharyngeal swab samples were collected from the outpatients in Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, who were diagnosed with scarlet fever. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed according to the distribution of conventional antibiotics and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations. The distribution of the macrolide-resistance genes (ermB, ermA, mefA), emm (M proteincoding gene) typing, and superantigens (SAg) gene profiling were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: A total of 297 GAS isolates were collected. The susceptibility of the isolates to penicillin, ceftriaxone, and levofloxacin was 100%. The resistance rate to erythromycin and clindamycin was 98.3 and 96.6%, respectively. The dominant emm types were emm12 (65.32%), emm1 (27.61%), emm75 (2.69%), and emm89 (1.35%). Of the 297 isolates, 290 (97.64%) carried the ermB gene, and 5 (1.68%) carried the mefA gene, while none carried the ermA gene. The most common superantigen genes identified from GAS isolates were smeZ (96.97%), speC (92.59%), speG (91.58%), ssa (85.52%), speI (54.55%), speH (52.19%), and speA (34.34%). Isolates with the genotype emm1 possessed speA, speC, speG, speJ, speM, ssa, and smeZ, while emm12 possessed speC, speG, speH, speI, speM, ssa, and smeZ superantigens. Conclusions: The prevalent strain of GAS isolates in Beijing has a high resistance rate to macrolides; however, penicillin can still be the preferred antibiotic for treatment. Erythromycin resistance was predominantly mediated by ermB. The common emm types were emm12 and emm1. There was a correlation between emm and the superantigen gene. Thus, long-term monitoring and investigation of the emm types and superantigen genes of GAS prevalence are imperative.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of group a streptococcus recovered from patients in Beijing, China

Zhou

Zhao

et al. 2020

BMC Infect Dis

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“…21 Penicillin resistance has not been observed in S pyogenes. [22][23][24] It is reasonable to believe that increased use of clindamycin enhances the risk of selection of resistant bacterial strains in both Streptococci and other bacteria. It is known that clindamycin, in comparison to penicillin, has a significantly more profound and longlasting effect on the intestinal microbiota 25 and that this collateral damage results in increased antibiotic resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotics in treatment of peritonsillar infection: clindamycin versus penicillin

et al. 2021

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Objective This study aimed to compare antibiotic treatment with clindamycin versus penicillin V or G in terms of time to recovery and recurrence in patients with peritonsillar infection, including both peritonsillar cellulitis and peritonsillar abscess. Method This retrospective cohort study examined the records of 296 patients diagnosed with peritonsillar infection. Based on the ENT doctor's choice of antibiotics, patients were divided into clindamycin and penicillin groups. Results Mean number of days in follow up was 3.5 days in the clindamycin group and 3.4 days in the penicillin group. The recurrence rate within 2 months was 7 per cent in the clindamycin group and 4 per cent in the penicillin group. Conclusion This study found no significant differences in either recovery or recurrence between the groups. This supports the use of penicillin as a first-line treatment, considering the greater frequency of adverse effects of clindamycin shown in previous studies, as well as its profound collateral damage on the intestinal microbiota, resulting in antibiotic resistance.

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“…Это исследование, по сути, является первым сообщением о нефритогенном штамме M-63 стрептококка группы A [37]. В исследование T. Abraham, et al (2018) было включено 206 изолятов стрептококка группы A, выделенных из различных клинических образцов (стрептодермии, фарингиты, остеомиелит и т.д.) в период с ноября 2013 года по октябрь 2017 года [38].…”

Section: этиопатогенез и морфологические измененияunclassified

“…В исследование T. Abraham, et al (2018) было включено 206 изолятов стрептококка группы A, выделенных из различных клинических образцов (стрептодермии, фарингиты, остеомиелит и т.д.) в период с ноября 2013 года по октябрь 2017 года [38]. В исследуемой популяции преобладали мужчины (62%), по сравнению с женщинами (38%).…”

Section: этиопатогенез и морфологические измененияunclassified

“…В исследуемой популяции преобладали мужчины (62%), по сравнению с женщинами (38%). Установлено, что большинство резистентных к эритромицину изолятов (63%) принадлежали фенотипу iMLS, за которым следовал фенотип М (37%) [38]. В работе А.…”

Section: этиопатогенез и морфологические измененияunclassified

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Etiopathogenetic, Morphological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects of Acute Glomerulonephritis: Current Status

Муркамилов

Сабиров

Fоmin

et al. 2020

Arhivʺ vnutrennej mediciny

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В обзоре представлены современные сведения об этиологических факторах и патогенетических механизмах развития, морфологических изменениях, клинико-лабораторных проявлениях острого гломерулонефрита, а также терапевтических возможностях его лечения. Представлены эпидемиологические вопросы острого постстрептококкового гломерулонефрита, с указанием особенностей воздействия нефритогенных штаммов стрептококковой инфекции. Показаны иммунопатологические реакции организма при остром гломерулонефрите на возбудителя заболевания и его антигены с развитием дисбаланса субпопуляций Т-лимфоцитов, нефритогенного потенциала стрептококковых белков, маркера активной пролиферации мезангиоцитов, С3 и С4-фракций комплемента, а также ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновой системы. В статье подчеркивается, что информативность серологических тестов при остром гломерулонефрите повышается при одновременной оценке С3 и С4 фракций комплементов сыворотки крови. Представлены патологические эффекты ангиотензина II и альдостерона на почечную ткань с хронизацией острого гломерулонефрита, развитием протеинурии нефротического уровня и быстрым снижением почечной функции. Показаны данные прямой корреляционной связи между выраженностью гистологических изменений и клиническими проявлениями острого гломерулонефрита и, возможно, прогнозом. Представлены современные данные оценки основных клинических проявлений острого гломерулонефрита (мочевой синдром, отечный синдром и артериальная гипертензия). При обсуждении вопросов терапии острого гломерулонефрита, отмечены спорные вопросы использования антибиотикотерапии, профилактической тонзиллэктомии. Представлены данные литературы о возможностях терапии отечного синдрома и артериальной гипертензии с использова-

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Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Group A Streptococci, Molecular Basis and Implications

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of group a streptococcus recovered from patients in Beijing, China

Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of group a streptococcus recovered from patients in Beijing, China

Antibiotics in treatment of peritonsillar infection: clindamycin versus penicillin

Etiopathogenetic, Morphological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects of Acute Glomerulonephritis: Current Status

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