Trends in Aphid Occurrence in Spring Barley in 1976-2007

Šmatas, R.; Tamošiūnas, Kęstutis; Semaškienė, Roma; Dabkevičius, Zenonas; Lazauskas, Sigitas

doi:10.2478/v10045-008-0036-3

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Similarly, Smatas et al (2008) reviewing the trends in aphid occurrence in spring barley from 1976 to 2007, found that the occurrence of aphids was more frequent due to increasing trend in air temperature during the last decade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aphid Dynamics in Relation to Meteorological Factors and Various Management Practices in Bread Wheat

Wains¹,

Ali²,

Hussain³

et al. 2010

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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Aphid Dynamics in Relation to Meteorological Factors and Various Management Practices in Bread WheatThe infestation of aphids in wheat is becoming a serious problem nowadays and it might become a threat to the future wheat crop in Pakistan. With this problem in mind we did a study pertaining to aphid dynamics in relation to meteorological factors and various management practices in bread wheat. The study was carried out at the Wheat Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan. The aim of this study was to investigate how meteorological factors play a role in the fluctuating aphid population and how different management practices could be effective in combating aphids. The results revealed that a peak aphid population was recorded during the beginning of the third week of March for both of the study year periods of 2007-2008 and 2008-2009. Aphid density was positively associated with maximum as well as minimum temperature while it showed a negative correlation with relative humidity. However aphid population was positively but not significantly affected by rainfall. Early sowing on 1st November produced the least aphid infestation hence early sowing was encouraged as a cultural practice for keeping aphids below damaging levels. The recently developed wheat varieties like: SHAFAQ-06, SEHER-06, FSD-08 and LASANI-08, revealed aphid resistance and performed better against aphids. On the other hand the genotypes V-05003, BARS-09 and 0BT006, revealed maximum vulnerability to aphids. Number of aphids per tiller was positive correlated with loss in grain yield. Application of insecticide significantly controlled the aphid population which suggested that a combination of host plant resistance with chemical control could restrain the aphid infestation in wheat.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aphid Dynamics in Relation to Meteorological Factors and Various Management Practices in Bread Wheat

Wains¹,

Ali²,

Hussain³

et al. 2010

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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“…The payoff for a plant's investments in defenses can greatly increase with increasing herbivore loads, whereas both constitutive and inducible defenses reduce yields if expressed when herbivore pressure is low (Baldwin, ; Machado et al ., ). Herbivore occurrence and abundance vary enormously (up to 100%) by year even on small spatial scales (Smatas et al ., ), and attempting to decipher the effect of herbivore loads in meta‐analyses on Bt crops with cross‐year evaluations, on multiple fields, within or across countries, is technically challenging. Moreover, these meta‐analyses and their study components currently lack isogeneic controls, data on the levels of Cry protein throughout the season, and data on how protein levels correspond with herbivore loads and damage (Dandekar et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cry1Ac production is costly for native plants attacked by non‐Cry1Ac‐targeted herbivores in the field

et al. 2018

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Plants are the primary producers in most terrestrial ecosystems and have complex defense systems to protect their produce. Defense-deficient, high-yielding agricultural monocultures attract abundant nonhuman consumers, but are alternatively defended through pesticide application and genetic engineering to produce insecticidal proteins such as Cry1Ac (Bacillus thuringiensis). These approaches alter the balance between yield protection and maximization but have been poorly contextualized to known yield-defense trade-offs in wild plants. The native plant Nicotiana attenuata was used to compare yield benefits of plants transformed to be defenseless to those with a full suite of naturally evolved defenses, or additionally transformed to ectopically produce Cry1Ac. An insecticide treatment allowed us to examine yield under different herbivore loads in N. attenuata's native habitat. Cry1Ac, herbivore damage, and growth parameters were monitored throughout the season. Biomass and reproductive correlates were measured at season end. Non-Cry1Ac-targeted herbivores dominated on noninsecticide-treated plants, and increased the yield drag of Cry1Ac-producing plants in comparison with endogenously defended or undefended plants. Insecticide-sprayed Cry1Ac-producing plants lagged less in stalk height, shoot biomass, and flower production. In direct comparison with the endogenous defenses of a native plant, Cry1Ac production did not provide yield benefits for plants under observed herbivore loads in a field study.

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“…R. padi is an important pest aphid species on cultivated cereals in Lithuania, its summer generations being subject of intense plant protection measures (Surkus 1997;Smatas 2006;Smatas et al 2008). R. nymphaeae, al-though listed as pest species of stone fruit production, has not been targeted for special plant protection measures yet (Rakauskas & Cichocka 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (EF-1α) DNA variability of Rhopalosiphum padi and Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Lithuania

2014

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Partial sequences of mitochondrial COI and nuclear EF-1α genes have been analysed across the Lithuanian samples of Rhopalosiphum padi and R. nymphaeae (Hemiptera: Aphididae). In addition, samples from the adjacent countries of the Eastern Baltic region of Europe (Latvia, Estonia and Poland) and available sequences from GenBank and Bold Systems were used. The range of intraspecific pairwise R. padi COI sample (n = 44) divergences (K2P model) was 0.00-2.49% (average 0.61%). Out of 10 haplotypes, one was predominant (n = 25), with Worldwide distribution. The range of intraspecific pairwise R. nymphaeae COI sample (n = 20) divergences (K2P model) was 0.00-1.31% (average 0.22%). Out of 6 haplotypes, one was predominant (n = 13), sampled in Lithuania, Ukraine and Turkey (Asian part). The range of intraspecific pairwise sample divergences (K2P model) of EF-1α fragment was 0.00-0.40% (average 0.10%) for R. padi (n = 20) and 0.00-0.60% (average 0.13%) for R. nymphaeae (n = 17). Two COI haplotypes (including the Worldwide distributed one) and three EF-1α haplotypes (including the most common one) were detected in Lithuanian populations of R. padi. The present study suggests that R. padi populations from the Eastern Baltic region are predominantly holocyclic.

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Trends in Aphid Occurrence in Spring Barley in 1976-2007

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Aphid Dynamics in Relation to Meteorological Factors and Various Management Practices in Bread Wheat

Aphid Dynamics in Relation to Meteorological Factors and Various Management Practices in Bread Wheat

Cry1Ac production is costly for native plants attacked by non‐Cry1Ac‐targeted herbivores in the field

Mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (EF-1α) DNA variability of Rhopalosiphum padi and Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Lithuania

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