Trends in Autism

Merrick, Joav; Kandel, Isack; Morad, Mohammed

doi:10.1515/ijamh.2004.16.1.75

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Autistic disorder is seen in boys 3-5 times more than in girls (16)(17)(18). In our study, this ratio was 1.2/1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 42%

West sendromunda otistik bozukluk

Törün¹,

Çalışkan²,

Mukaddes³

et al. 2011

tpa

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A Au ut ti is st ti ic c s sp pe ec ct tr ru um m i in n W We es st t s sy yn nd dr ro om me e S Se el ld da a H Ha an nç çe er rl li i* *, , M Mi in ne e Ç Ça al l› ›fl flk ka an n* *, , N Na ah hi it t M Mo ot ta av va al ll l› › M Mu uk ka ad dd de es s* ** *, , B Bu ur ra ak k T Ta at tl l› ›* ** ** *, , N Nu ur r A Ay yd d› ›n nl l› ›* ** ** *, , M Me er ra al l Ö Öz zm me en n* ** ** * O Or ri ig gi in na al l A Ar rt ti ic cl le e S Su um mm ma ar ry y Aim: Children with early-onset and severe epilepsies are known to carry a risk for autism. Considering that association of West syndrome (WS) and autism has not been sufficiently investigated, we aimed to examine autistic features using Autism Behaviour Checklist (ABC) in West syndrome. Material and Method:Data of 267 infants with WS were examined retrospectively and Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) was used in 90 cases who could be reached. Patients with a high probability of autism were determined.Results: Mean age of 90 cases was 56.2±38 months. In 80% of the patients seizures started in the first 6 months and in 26.5% spasms stopped after 12 months of follow-up. The mortality rate was 16.1% and rate of psychomotor retardation was 86%. Seventeen cases (18.9%) who had a total score of 67 or above on ABC were considered to have autism with a high probability. When 14 cases who had a score between 54 and 67 were added, the ratio was found to increase to 34.5%. Ninetyfour point one percent of cases with a high probability of autism were in the symptomatic group.Conclusions: Autistic disorder is found with a unignorably high ratio in West syndrome. Therefore, cases with West syndrome should be scanned for autistic disorder during their follow-up. (Turk Arch Ped 2011; 46: 67-73)

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“…Autistic disorder is seen in boys 3-5 times more than in girls (16)(17)(18). In our study, this ratio was 1.2/1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 42%

West sendromunda otistik bozukluk

Törün¹,

Çalışkan²,

Mukaddes³

et al. 2011

tpa

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Studies published before 1985 show prevalence rates of 2 per 10,000 children for the classic autistic disorder and 4 to5 per 10,000 children for the broader autistic spectrum of disorders (Merrick, Kandel, and Morad 2004). A recent meta-analysis reports the median rate for 11 surveys, conducted since 1989, to be 7 per 10,000 persons (Filipek, Accardo, and Ashwal 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of early childhood professionals in the early identification of autistic disorder

Samms‐Vaughan

Franklyn‐Banton

2008

International Journal of Early Years Education

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“…Autism prevalence studies published before 1985 showed prevalence rates of 4 to 5 per 10,000 children for the broader autism spectrum and about 2 per 10,000 for the classic autism definition [53]. Since 1985, there have been higher rates of autism, with the greatest annual increases occurring between the 1987 and 1992 birth cohorts [14].…”

Section: High Multivitamin Exposure and Increased Autism Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Early Infant Exposure to Excess Multivitamin: A Risk Factor for Autism?

Zhou

et al. 2013

Autism Research and Treatment

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Autism, a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects boys more than girls, is often associated with altered levels of monoamines (serotonin and catecholamines), especially elevated serotonin levels. The monoamines act as both neurotransmitters and signaling molecules in the gastrointestinal and immune systems. The evidence related to monoamine metabolism may be summarized as follows: (i) monoamine neurotransmitters are enzymatically degraded/inactivated by three mechanisms: oxidative deamination, methylation, and sulfation. The latter two are limited by the supply of methyl groups and sulfate, respectively. (ii) A decrease in methylation- and sulfation-mediated monoamine inactivation can be compensated by an increase in the oxidative deamination catalyzed by monoamine oxidase, an X-linked enzyme exhibiting higher activity in females than in males. (iii) Vitamins can, on one hand, facilitate the synthesis of monoamine neurotransmitters and, on the other hand, inhibit their inactivation by competing for methylation and sulfation. Therefore, we postulate that excess multivitamin feeding in early infancy, which has become very popular over the past few decades, may be a potential risk factor for disturbed monoamine metabolism. In this paper, we will focus on the relationship between excess multivitamin exposure and the inactivation/degradation of monoamine neurotransmitters and its possible role in the development of autism.

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Trends in Autism

Abstract: Leo Kanner described autism in 1943, and Hans Asperger described the syndrome in 1944.

Cited by 27 publications

References 7 publications

West sendromunda otistik bozukluk

West sendromunda otistik bozukluk

The role of early childhood professionals in the early identification of autistic disorder

Early Infant Exposure to Excess Multivitamin: A Risk Factor for Autism?

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