Trial results from a model predictive control and optimisation system for commercial building HVAC

West, Samuel R.; Ward, John; Wall, Josh

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.12.037

Cited by 137 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This too is an area for future research. Note that allowing the functional form of the model to be updated is fundamentally different from periodic re-estimation of the parameters of a fixed model (West et al, 2014).…”

Section: Controller Updatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to reduce the energy use of our buildings, it has been argued that there needs to be more focus on this factor (Cole, Robinson, & O'Shea, 2008). West, Ward, and Wall (2014) addressed occupant comfort by incorporating percentage of people dissatisfied (PPD) with their comfort -a measure related to PMV -into a more conventional cost function comprising energy costs, and carbon emissions. It is interesting to note that Cigler et al (2012) were able to save an additional 10-15% of energy over conventional setpoint tracking due to the more relaxed tolerance on maintaining a given zone temperature.…”

Section: Cost Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In one of the few MPC-related studies to consider the subject, West et al (2014) elicited occupant comfort on a seven-point scale using an online feedback tool installed on occupants' computers, and minimised a weighted objective within an MPC framework comprising: the percentage of people dissatisfied (PPD) with their comfort, energy costs, and carbon emissions. Interestingly, these authors observed that the mere mention of comfort sensitised occupants to the issue even before their MPC trial began, as measured by numbers of complaints.…”

Section: The Role Of Occupantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Model-predictive control for non-domestic buildings: a critical review and prospects

Rockett

Hathway

2016

Building Research & Information

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Model-predictive control (MPC) has recently excited a great deal of interest as a new control paradigm for non-domestic buildings. Since it is based on the notion of optimisation, MPC is, in principle, well-placed to deliver significant energy savings and reduction in carbon emissions compared to existing rule-based control systems. In this paper, we critically review the prospects for buildings MPC and, in particular, the central role of the predictive mathematical model that lies at its heart; our clear emphasis is on practical implementation rather than control-theoretic aspects, and covers the role of occupants as well as the form of the predictive model. The most appropriate structure for such a model is still an open question, which we discuss alongside the development of the initial model, and the process of updating the model during the building's operational life. The importance of sensor placement is highlighted alongside the possibility of updating the model with occupants' comfort perception. We conclude that there is an urgent need for research on the automated creation and updating of predictive models if MPC is to become an economically-viable control methodology for non-domestic buildings. Finally, more evidence through operating full scale buildings with MPC is required to demonstrate the viability of this method.

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Section: Controller Updatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cost Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Role Of Occupantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model-predictive control for non-domestic buildings: a critical review and prospects

Rockett

Hathway

2016

Building Research & Information

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“…Few researchers have reported practical validation of supervisory and optimal control methods on real HVAC systems (West et al, 2014), especially large and complicated systems (Wang and Ma, 2008). Some researchers have presented computer models based on laboratory data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global optimal control of variable air volume air-conditioning system with iterative learning: an experimental case study

Meng

Yan

Ren

2015

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A

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Abstract:The air-conditioning system in a large commercial or high-rise building is a complex multi-variable system influenced by many factors. The energy saving potential from the optimal operation and control of heating, ventilating, and airconditioning (HVAC) systems can be large, even when they are properly designed. The ultimate goal of optimization is to use the minimum amount of energy needed to improve system efficiency while meeting comfort requirements. In this study, a multizone variable air volume (VAV) and variable water volume (VWV) air-conditioning system is developed. The steady state modes and dynamic models of the HVAC subsystems are constructed. Optimal control based on large scale system theory for system-level energy-saving of HVAC is introduced. Control strategies such as proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller (gearshift integral PID and self-tuning PID) and iterative learning control (ILC) are studied in the platform to improve the dynamic characteristics. The system performance is improved. An 18.2% energy saving is achieved with the integration of ILC and sequential quadratic programming based on a steady-state hierarchical optimization control scheme.

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“…Beghi [15] has designed an adaptive control for a toilet air-cooled chiller, which has managed to increase energy efficiency by 3%-7.3%; while Liao [16] studied a load prediction by occupation in commercial buildings. West [17] presented an optimised supervisory model predictive control (MPC) system for heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) in commercial buildings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Boiler Room in a 600-Bed Hospital Complex: Study, Analysis, and Implementation of Energy Efficiency Improvements

Fraile

Alonso²,

González-Alonso

2014

Energies

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Abstract:The aim of energy efficiency is to use less energy to provide the same service. In hospitals, energy efficiency offers a powerful and cost-effective tool to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, fuel consumption, and also running costs. Over a six-month period, the six gas-fired boilers that provide both a hospital's heat and hot water were monitored. Analysis of the data obtained led to several actions being implemented in the hospital boiler room control system to improve the efficiency of the heat production system. Comparative studies were conducted, during similar weather periods, of the performance of the hospital's hot water production system before and after the controls were implemented. Results indicate that the control actions applied proved to be effective. Finally; the paper offers a financial; primary energy saving and CO 2 reduction analysis that points to a 3,434.00 €/week savings in natural gas consumption; and a cut in CO 2 emissions of 20.3 tons/week; as compared to the reference facility.

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Trial results from a model predictive control and optimisation system for commercial building HVAC

Cited by 137 publications

References 10 publications

Model-predictive control for non-domestic buildings: a critical review and prospects

Model-predictive control for non-domestic buildings: a critical review and prospects

Global optimal control of variable air volume air-conditioning system with iterative learning: an experimental case study

A Boiler Room in a 600-Bed Hospital Complex: Study, Analysis, and Implementation of Energy Efficiency Improvements

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