Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on 2D Materials: From Materials and Devices to Applications

Abstract

Recently, there has been an increasing consumption of fossil fuels such as oil and natural gas in both industrial production and daily life. This high demand for non-renewable energy sources has prompted researchers to investigate sustainable and renewable energy alternatives. The development and production of nanogenerators provide a promising solution to address the energy crisis. Triboelectric nanogenerators, in particular, have attracted significant attention due to their portability, stability, high energy conversion efficiency, and compatibility with a wide range of materials. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have many potential applications in various fields, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT). Additionally, by virtue of their remarkable physical and chemical properties, two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), MXenes, and layered double hydroxides (LDHs), have played a crucial role in the advancement of TENGs. This review summarizes recent research progress on TENGs based on 2D materials, from materials to their practical applications, and provides suggestions and prospects for future research.

Advancement of 2D Material-Based Moisture-Enabled Nanogenerators

“…It is worth mentioning that many of the MEGs have functional nanomaterials. Among the different classes of nanomaterials, the family of 2D materials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), MXenes, etc., has gained tremendous attention due to their unique properties. − For a 2D material to demonstrate effective properties, it must have hydrophilic functional groups either on the basal plane or in the edges through which it can readily absorb water molecules from the surrounding environment, thereby helping generate an electrical signal. For instance, the usage of graphene oxide as a functional nanofiller has led to the development of moisture-enabled nanogenerators, introduced by Zhao et al in 2015, and it has gained much attention due to the ease of integration with wearable devices. , …”

From 1D to 2D to 3D: Electrospun Microstructures towards Wearable Sensing

“…Wearable sensors are technological devices that can be worn on the body to collect and monitor data about an individual's physiological, behavioral, and environmental characteristics [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. These sensors have the potential to significantly impact human life in health monitoring, fitness tracking, security, and human-machine interaction [12][13][14][15]. These sensors have become increasingly popular in recent years, with many commercial products now available on the market [16,17].…”