Triboelectric series and electrostatic separation of some biopolymers

Żenkiewicz, M.; Żuk, T.; Markiewicz, Ewa

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2015.01.009

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In general, the polarity of chemical species is determined by the relative permittivity ( ε r ) of the given material. The relative permittivity of each polymer (at low frequencies, i.e., close to DC extrapolation) is known and tabulated (PP 2.1–2.3, LDPE 2.2–2.4, PLA 3.0–3.2, PMMA 3.2–3.4) [ 33 ] or (PP 2.27, LDPE 2.29, PMMA 3.3–3.9) [ 34 ] or (PLA 1.7 [ 35 ], 2.4 [ 36 ], and 2.7 [ 37 ]). The relative permittivity of PLA can be lower than that of polyolefines, which is somewhat contra-intuitive considering the presence of polar units in the polymer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Labelling with a Conjugated Polymer-Based Luminescence Probe for Recycling in the Circular Economy

et al. 2020

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In this paper, we present the use of a disubstituted polyacetylene with high thermal stability and quantum yield as a fluorescence label for the identification, tracing, recycling, and eventually anti-counterfeiting applications of thermoplastics. A new method was developed for the dispersion of poly[1-phenyl-2-[p-(trimethylsilyl)phenyl]acetylene] (PTMSDPA) into polymer blends. For such purposes, four representative commodity plastics were selected, i.e., polypropylene, low-density polyethylene, poly(methyl methacrylate), and polylactide. Polymer recycling was mimicked by two reprocessing cycles of the material, which imparted intensive luminescence to the labelled polymer blends when excited by proper illumination. The concentration of the labelling polymer in the matrices was approximately a few tens ppm by weight. Luminescence was visible to the naked eye and survived the simulated recycling successfully. In addition, luminescence emission maxima were correlated with polymer polarity and glass transition temperature, showing a marked blueshift in luminescence emission maxima with the increase in processing temperature and time. This blueshift results from the dispersion of the labelling polymer into the labelled polymer matrix. During processing, the polyacetylene chains disentangled, thereby suppressing their intermolecular interactions. Moreover, shear forces imposed during viscous polymer melt mixing enforced conformational changes, which shortened the average conjugation length of PTMSDPA chain segments. Combined, these two mechanisms shift the luminescence of the probe from a solid- to a more solution-like state. Thus, PTMSDPA can be used as a luminescent probe for dispersion quality, polymer blend homogeneity, and processing history, in addition to the identification, tracing, and recycling of thermoplastics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Labelling with a Conjugated Polymer-Based Luminescence Probe for Recycling in the Circular Economy

et al. 2020

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“…- Electrostatic drum-type separator (Institute for Engineering of Polymer Materials and Dyes, Toruń, Poland), which has been described elsewhere [30,31].…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostatic separation of binary mixtures of some biodegradable polymers and poly(vinyl chloride) or poly(ethylene terephthalate)

et al. 2016

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There are presented results of investigation of electrostatic separation of binary mixtures containing a biodegradable polymer {polylactide (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), or poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3,4HB)]} and a commonly used polymer [poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) or poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)]. It was found that the binary mixtures of these polymers could be efficiently separated. The electrostatic separation process of the P(3,4HB)/PET mixture appeared to be most successful. It is indicated that the share of a biodegradable component in the mixture essentially influences the separation effects. Therefore, suitable choice of necessary conditions is needed to perform the separation process, which includes appropriate separator settings, depending on fractions of individual components in the mixture being separated.

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“…Depending on the experimental conditions several triboelectric series exist [50][51][52][53][54][55][56] (Table 1). Thus, triboelectric series can be useful only for a preliminary selection of charger materials versus particle mixture.…”

Section: Triboelectric Series and Chargetransfer Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%