Trichoderma harzianum MTCC 5179 impacts the population and functional dynamics of microbial community in the rhizosphere of black pepper ( Piper nigrum L.)

Abstract

Employing Illumina Hiseq whole genome metagenome sequencing approach, we studied the impact of Trichoderma harzianum on altering the microbial community and its functional dynamics in the rhizhosphere soil of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). The metagenomic datasets from the rhizosphere with (treatment) and without (control) T. harzianum inoculation were annotated using dual approach, i.e., stand alone and MG-RAST. The probiotic application of T. harzianum in the rhizhosphere soil of black pepper impacted the population dynamics of rhizosphere bacteria, archae, eukaryote as reflected through the selective recruitment of bacteria [Acidobacteriaceae bacterium (p = 1.24e−12), Candidatus koribacter versatilis (p = 2.66e−10)] and fungi [(Fusarium oxysporum (p = 0.013), Talaromyces stipitatus (p = 0.219) and Pestalotiopsis fici (p = 0.443)] in terms of abundance in population and bacterial chemotaxis (p = 0.012), iron metabolism (p = 2.97e−5) with the reduction in abundance for pathogenicity islands (p = 7.30e−3), phages and prophages (p = 7.30e−3) with regard to functional abundance. Interestingly, it was found that the enriched functional metagenomic signatures on phytoremediation such as benzoate transport and degradation (p = 2.34e−4), and degradation of heterocyclic aromatic compounds (p = 3.59e−13) in the treatment influenced the rhizosphere micro ecosystem favoring growth and health of pepper plant. The population dynamics and functional richness of rhizosphere ecosystem in black pepper influenced by the treatment with T. harzianum provides the ecological importance of T. harzianum in the cultivation of black pepper.

Effect of Inorganic N Top Dressing and Trichoderma harzianum Seed-Inoculation on Crop Yield and the Shaping of Root Microbial Communities of Wheat Plants Cultivated Under High Basal N Fertilization

“…Our results show that the strain T34 increased the levels of the Trichoderma genus in bulk soil while the single or T34-combined application of CAN top dressing reduced those levels in the rhizosphere. In this sense, several reports have shown that microbial communities of different crops are affected by the introduction of a Trichoderma strain (Umadevi et al, 2017;Schöps et al, 2018;Singh et al, 2018) but the opposite has been also described (Ganuza et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2019), illustrating that the increased availability of nutrients is not the sole mechanism which explains this fact. In other way, it is well known that the use of AMF inoculants increases the production of many crops, including wheat under drought stress conditions (Begum et al, 2019), and we have previously reported that strain T34 facilitates the access of AMF to non-host Brassicaceae Arabidopsis and rapeseed roots, with increased production (Poveda et al, 2019).…”

“…Specifically, Trichoderma spp. have been directly related to the increased levels of Acidobacteria detected in different agricultural soils such as those from maize and black pepper (Saravanakumar et al, 2017;Umadevi et al, 2017;Singh et al, 2018). The combined application of Trichoderma, and other beneficial microorganisms such as Bacillus, to crop soils fosters the recruitment of other plant beneficial bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere (Wang et al, 2019).…”

The Growth Promotion of Peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) by Trichoderma guizhouense NJAU4742-Based Biological Organic Fertilizer: Possible Role of Increasing Nutrient Availabilities

“…gradually increased with the increasing number of NJAU4742 added into the soil; however, there was no direct evidence as to whether the inoculation of NJAU4742 could also change the microbial diversity in this study, and more in-depth study is necessary in subsequent research. It was a relief that Umadevi et al [ 56 ] found that the functional richness and population dynamics of rhizosphere bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes, as reflected through the selective recruitment of bacteria ( Acidobacteriaceae bacterium ( p = 1.24e −12 ), Candidatus korib-acter versatilis ( p = 2.66e −10 )) and fungi (( Fusarium oxysporum ( p = 0.013), Talaromyces stipitatus ( p = 0.219) and Pestalotiopsis fici ( p = 0.443)), were influenced by the treatment with T. harzianum .…”

16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Based Metagenomic Signatures of Rhizobiome Community in Rice Field During Various Growth Stages

“…Solibacter have a versatile genome which is adapted to breakdown complex recalcitrant organic compounds and carbohydrates and provides a suitable environmental condition for other microbes (Pearce et al, 2012; Rawat et al, 2012; Rime et al, 2015; Li et al, 2018). Previous reports have also highlighted their abundance in rhizosphere of black pepper (Umadevi et al, 2018), Panax notoginseng (Tan et al, 2017) and rice rhizosphere (Lopes et al, 2014). In line with previous report, Ca.…”