Trichuris suis ova: Testing a helminth-based therapy as an extension of the hygiene hypothesis

Jouvin, Marie-Hélène; Kinét, Jean-Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2012.05.028

Cited by 54 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…To clarify this point is even more important considering the therapeutic use of T. suis eggs for auto-immune disease treatment (Berrilli et al, 2012;Jouvin and Kinet, 2012), and the recovery of adult worms in a patient treated with eggs (Kradin et al, 2006). T. suis eggs are morphologically very similar to T. trichiura eggs and cases of cross-infection may be undetected by standard methods .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic heterogeneity and phylogeny of Trichuris spp. from captive non-human primates based on ribosomal DNA sequence data

Cavallero

Liberato

Friedrich

et al. 2015

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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a b s t r a c tNematodes of the genus Trichuris, known as whipworms, are recognized to infect numerous mammalian species including humans and non-human primates. Several Trichuris spp. have been described and species designation/identification is traditionally based on host-affiliation, although cross-infection and hybridization events may complicate species boundaries. The main aims of the present study were to genetically characterize adult Trichuris specimens from captive Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) and grivets (Chlorocebus aethiops), using the ribosomal DNA (ITS) as molecular marker and to investigate the phylogeny and the extent of genetic variation also by comparison with data on isolates from other humans, non-human primates and other hosts. The phylogenetic analysis of Trichuris sequences from M. fuscata and C. aethiops provided evidences of distinct clades and subclades thus advocating the existence of additional separated taxa. Neighbor Joining and Bayesian trees suggest that specimens from M. fuscata may be distinct from, but related to Trichuris trichiura, while a close relationship is suggested between the subclade formed by the specimens from C. aethiops and the subclade formed by T. suis.The tendency to associate Trichuris sp. to host species can lead to misleading taxonomic interpretations (i.e. whipworms found in primates are identified as T. trichiura). The results here obtained confirm previous evidences suggesting the existence of Trichuris spp. other than T. trichiura infecting non-human living primates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic heterogeneity and phylogeny of Trichuris spp. from captive non-human primates based on ribosomal DNA sequence data

Cavallero

Liberato

Friedrich

et al. 2015

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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“…In an extension of the hygiene hypothesis, which states that the relative lack of infectious exposures of modern life has contributed to the epidemic of allergic diseases, some researchers have tried administration of helminths for control of allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis and pecan allergy. Helminths secrete a variety of factors known to inhibit B cell and mast cell activity (125). In small studies of allergic and autoimmune diseases done thus far, administration of Trichuris suis (pig whipworm) was relatively well tolerated, with some gastrointestinal side effects and eosinophilia, but efficacy for allergic diseases has not yet been shown (125).…”

Section: Novel Therapeutic Strategies In Preclinical or Early Clinicamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Helminths secrete a variety of factors known to inhibit B cell and mast cell activity (125). In small studies of allergic and autoimmune diseases done thus far, administration of Trichuris suis (pig whipworm) was relatively well tolerated, with some gastrointestinal side effects and eosinophilia, but efficacy for allergic diseases has not yet been shown (125).…”

Section: Novel Therapeutic Strategies In Preclinical or Early Clinicamentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging therapies for food allergy

Keet¹,

Wood²

2014

J. Clin. Invest.

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Food allergy is a common condition for which there are currently no approved treatments except avoidance of the allergenic food and treatment of accidental reactions. There are several potential treatments that are under active investigation in animal and human studies, but it is not yet clear what the best approach may be. Here, we review approaches that are currently in clinical trials, including oral, sublingual, and epicutaneous immunotherapy, immunotherapy combined with anti-IgE, and Chinese herbal medicine as well as approaches that are in preclinical or early clinical investigation, including modified protein immunotherapy, adjuvants, DNA vaccines, and helminth administration. We discuss the importance of fully exploring the risks and benefits of any treatment before it is taken to general clinical practice and the need for clarity about the goals of treatment.

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“…91,92). Its applicability to cancer pathology, and more specifically to tumors of the gastrointestinal system, is a question open to future investigations.…”

Section: Cancer Immunotherapy and Pathogen-based Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection and Cancer: Revaluation of the Hygiene Hypothesis

Οικονομοπούλου

Brinc

Kyriacou

et al. 2013

Clinical Cancer Research

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Several studies have shown that persistent infections and inflammation can favor carcinogenesis. At the same time, certain types of pathogens and antitumor immune responses can decrease the risk of tumorigenesis or lead to cancer regression. Infectious agents and their products can orchestrate a wide range of host immune responses, through which they may positively or negatively modulate cancer development and/or progression. The factors that direct this dichotomous influence of infection-mediated immunity on carcinogenesis are not well understood. Even though not universal, several previous reports have investigated the inverse link of pathogen-induced "benign" inflammation to carcinogenesis and various other pathologies, ranging from autoimmune diseases to allergy and cancer. Several models and ideas are discussed in this review, including the impact of decreased exposure to pathogens, as well as the influence of pathogen load, the timing of infection, and the type of instigated immune response on carcinogenesis. These phenomena should guide future investigations into identifying novel targets within the microbial and host proteome, which will assist in the development of cancer therapeutics and vaccine remedies, analogous to earlier efforts based on helminthic components for the prevention and/or treatment of several pathologies.

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Trichuris suis ova: Testing a helminth-based therapy as an extension of the hygiene hypothesis

Cited by 54 publications

References 56 publications

Genetic heterogeneity and phylogeny of Trichuris spp. from captive non-human primates based on ribosomal DNA sequence data

Genetic heterogeneity and phylogeny of Trichuris spp. from captive non-human primates based on ribosomal DNA sequence data

Emerging therapies for food allergy

Infection and Cancer: Revaluation of the Hygiene Hypothesis

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