Triethanolamine‐Mediated Magnetically Separable Fe₃O₄−Pd Nanoparticles Catalyzed Heck Reaction under Ligand‐Free Conditions

Abstract

The Fe 3 O 4 À Pd nanoparticles catalyzed Heck coupling reaction in triethanolamine was performed for the first time in absence of any external ligand. The Fe 3 O 4 À Pd/triethanolamine/100°C catalytic system was found to be highly active in achieving good to excellent yields of the desired (E)-alkenes. Both acrylates and styrene derivatives were successfully coupled with electron-rich and electron-deficient aryl iodides. The scope of the reaction was also expanded to less reactive aryl bromides and aryl chlorides albeit in lower yields. A number of functional groups were well tolerated. More significantly the catalyst showed good recyclability and can be reused up to four consecutive cycles without any decrease in catalytic activity.

Recyclable LaF3·Pd nanocatalyst in Suzuki coupling: green synthesis of biaryls from haloarenes and phenylboronic acids

“…Several coupling reactions such as Suzuki–Miyaura, Heck and Sonogashira reactions have been successfully conducted in the presence of Pd-nanocatalysts. 12…”