Trigeminal projections to hypoglossal and facial motor nuclei in the rat

Pinganaud, Gabrielle; Bernat, Isabelle; Buisseret, P; Buisseret-Delmas, C.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19991206)415:1<91::aid-cne7>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 65 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Nucleus reticularis parvocellularis (NRpc) is the greatest source of inputs to NVmot [21], but the peritrigeminal area (the reticular region surrounding NVmot), the rostral Vth spinal nucleus (NVoralis), and the Vth principal nucleus (NVpr) also project strongly [17,18,21]. All these projections are bilateral, and the NRpc, Nvoralis, and NVpr also project to the VIIth and XIIth nuclei [22,23]. Finally, there are interneurons in one NVmot that project to all surrounding structures and across the midline [17,20,21].…”

Section: Output Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of the Central Masticatory Pattern and Its Modification by Sensory Feedback

2006

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Mammalian mastication results from the interaction of an intrinsic rhythmical neural pattern and sensory feedback generated by the interaction of the effecter system (muscles, bones, joints, teeth, soft tissues) with food. The main variables that explain variation in the pattern of human mastication are the subjects themselves, their age, the type of food being eaten, and time during a sequence of movements. The intrinsic pattern of mastication is generated by a central pattern generator (CPG) located in the pons and medulla. The output of the CPG is modified by inputs that descend from higher centers of the brain and by feedback from sensory receptors. Intraoral touch receptors, muscle spindles in the jaw-closing muscles, and specialized mechanoreceptors in the periodontal ligament have especially powerful effects on movement parameters.

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Section: Output Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of the Central Masticatory Pattern and Its Modification by Sensory Feedback

2006

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“…We infrequently observed labeled cortical afferents in the nucleus oralis and interpolaris. These findings are consistent with previous reports of the connectivity between the spinal trigeminal nuclei and the facial nucleus (Erzurumlu and Killackey, 1979;Pinganaud et al, 1999) and of the afferent projections from the whisker motor cortex (Miyashita et al, 1994). …”

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confidence: 99%

Functional circuitry involved in the regulation of whisker movements

Hattox

Priest

Keller

2001

J of Comparative Neurology

155

143

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Neuroanatomical tract-tracing methods were used to identify the oligosynaptic circuitry by which the whisker representation of the motor cortex (wMCx) influences the facial motoneurons that control whisking activity (wFMNs). Injections of the retrograde tracer cholera toxin subunit B into physiologically identified wFMNs in the lateral facial nucleus resulted in dense, bilateral labeling throughout the brainstem reticular formation and in the ambiguus nucleus as well as predominantly ipsilateral labeling in the paralemniscal, pedunculopontine tegmental, Kölliker-Fuse, and parabrachial nuclei. In addition, neurons in the following midbrain regions projected to the wFMNs: superior colliculus, red nucleus, periaqueductal gray, mesencephalon, pons, and several nuclei involved in oculomotor behaviors. Injections of the anterograde tracer biotinylated dextran amine into the wMCx revealed direct projections to the brainstem reticular formation as well as multiple brainstem and midbrain structures shown to project to the wFMNs. Regions in which retrograde labeling and anterograde labeling overlap most extensively include the brainstem parvocellular, gigantocellular, intermediate, and medullary (dorsal and ventral) reticular formations; ambiguus nucleus; and midbrain superior colliculus and deep mesencephalic nucleus. Other regions that contain less dense regions of combined anterograde and retrograde labeling include the following nuclei: the interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus, the pontine reticular formation, and the lateral periaqueductal gray. Premotoneurons that receive dense inputs from the wMCx are likely to be important mediators of cortical regulation of whisker movements and may be a key component in a central pattern generator involved in the generation of rhythmic whisking activity. Keywordscentral pattern generator; motor cortex; facial nucleus; brainstem; rat Production of rhythmic whisker movements ("whisking") is a critical exploratory behavior in several mammalian species (see, e.g., Vincent, 1912;Brecht et al., 1997) and is emerging as a model system for studying mechanisms of voluntary movements (Kleinfeld et al., 1997). Whisking consists of large-amplitude protractions of the large mystacial vibrissae, with spectral components between 6 and 9 Hz (Semba and Komisaruk, 1984). The whisker representation of the motor cortex (wMCx) occupies approximately one-third of the rodent motor cortex, and low-intensity stimulation of this region evokes whisker protractions (Donoghue and Wise, 1982;Weiss and Keller, 1994). The patterns of afferent, efferent, and intracortical connections of the wMCx suggest that the area is devoted primarily to regulating whisker movements (Donoghue and Parham, 1983;Miyashita et al., 1994;Weiss and Keller, 1994). However, the mechanisms by which the wMCx regulates whisking are at present unknown. Support for a role of the wMCx in regulating whisking is derived from studies demonstrating correlations between wMCx unit activity and EMG recorded from the whis...

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“…Different divisions of 7N receive substantial and differential input, primarily from nuclei of the midbrain, pons, and medulla (Erzurumlu and Killackey, 1979;Hinrichsen and Watson, 1983;Travers and Norgren, 1983;Isokawa-Akesson and Komisaruk, 1987;Mogoseanu et al, 1994;Fay and Norgren, 1997b;Pinganaud et al, 1999;Grinevich et al, 2005;Alloway et al, 2010). A direct projection from the motor cortex to motoneurons innervating the vibrissae is also evident (Grinevich et al, 2005).…”

Section: Afferent Projectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other medullary projections to 7N originate from sensory nuclei, and include a projection from the medial vestibular nucleus to the medial subdvision of 7N, a projection from the nucleus of the solitary tract to the intermediate subdivision, and projections from the sensory trigeminal complex (Erzurumlu and Killackey, 1979;Hinrichsen and Watson, 1983;Pinganaud et al, 1999;Hattox et al, 2002). All subdivisions of the spinal trigeminal sensory complex (5Sp) project to 7N (Pinganaud et al, 1999).…”

Section: Medullary Projectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oromotor Nuclei

Travers

2015

The Rat Nervous System

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Trigeminal projections to hypoglossal and facial motor nuclei in the rat

Cited by 65 publications

References 61 publications

Generation of the Central Masticatory Pattern and Its Modification by Sensory Feedback

Generation of the Central Masticatory Pattern and Its Modification by Sensory Feedback

Functional circuitry involved in the regulation of whisker movements

Oromotor Nuclei

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