Triggering of volcanic eruptions

Linde, A. T.; Sacks, I. Selwyn

doi:10.1038/27650

Cited by 256 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Observations confirm that earthquakes are frequently followed by volcanic activity (e.g. Linde and Sacks, 1998). All M 9.0 earthquakes in the last 100 yr have been followed by significant volcanic eruptions; i.e.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

On the possibility of the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake reactivating Shinmoe-dake volcano, southwest Japan: insights from strain data measured in vaults

Yamazaki

Teraishi

Komatsu

et al. 2011

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The Shinmoe-dake volcano in southwest Japan, which produced its first major eruption in 52 yr on 26 January 2011 but had been quiescent since 1 March, re-erupted on 13 March. It was only two days after the occurrence of the M = 9.0 Tohoku-oki earthquake in eastern Japan. The coincidence of the two events raises the question of whether the earthquake triggered the volcanic activity. As a provisional but rapid assessment of this question, we examined highresolution strain data at a site located 18 km from Shinmoedake. In terms of the Tohoku-oki earthquake, three points can be drawn from the strain data: (1) static strain changes were less than 0.05 × 10 −6 , which is too small to trigger an eruption; (2) the amplitudes of dynamic strain changes are on the order of 10 −6 , which may trigger seismicity or volcanic eruption; and (3) strain rates were not accelerated, which indicates no significant change in magma pressure. Comparing these results with reports of other eruptions coincident with seismic events, and considering a scenario in which a seismic event triggered an eruption, we tentatively conclude that the eruption on 13 March was not a triggered event. However, this conclusion may be revised after analyzing seismic data.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

On the possibility of the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake reactivating Shinmoe-dake volcano, southwest Japan: insights from strain data measured in vaults

Yamazaki

Teraishi

Komatsu

et al. 2011

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Positive radon anomalies in soil gas and groundwater are commonly observed prior to earthquake ruptures and volcanic eruptions, attracting considerable attention in studies on precursory geochemical signals (Cox et al, 1980;King et al, 1995;Linde and Sacks, 1998;Roeloffs, 1999;Trique et al, 1999). However, this simplified picture is frequently contradicted by the lack of significant anomalies recorded before an earthquake (Kerr, 1978;King, 1981;Tsunogai and Wakita, 1995;Steinitz et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Real-time setup to measure radon emission during rock deformation: implications for geochemical surveillance

Tuccimei

Mollo

Soligo

et al. 2015

Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst.

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Abstract.Laboratory experiments can represent a valid approach to unravel the complex interplay between the geochemical behaviour of radon and rock deformation mechanisms. In light of this, we present a new real-time experimental setup for analysing in continuum the alpha-emitting 222 Rn and 220 Rn daughters over variable stress-strain regimes. The most innovative segment of this setup consists of the radon accumulation chamber obtained from a tough and durable material that can host large cylindrical rock samples. The accumulation chamber is connected, in a closed-loop configuration, to a gas-drying unit and to a RAD7 radon monitor. A recirculating pump moves the gas from the rock sample to a solid-state detector for alpha counting of radon and thoron progeny. The measured radon signal is enhanced by surrounding the accumulation chamber with a digitally controlled heating belt. As the temperature is increased, the number of effective collisions of radon atoms increases favouring the diffusion of radon through the material and reducing the analytical uncertainty. The accumulation chamber containing the sample is then placed into a uniaxial testing apparatus where the axial deformation is measured throughout a linear variable displacement transducer. A dedicated software allows obtaining a variety of stress-strain regimes from fast deformation rates to long-term creep tests. Experiments conducted with this new real-time setup have important ramifications for the interpretation of geochemical anomalies recorded prior to volcanic eruptions or earthquakes.

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“…We examine here the records of eruptions and earthquakes to see if there are indeed significant earthquakes following eruptions to show the time-distance relationship between them. Earthquakes usually accompany volcanic eruptions; they may occur before or after the initial eruptions as magma movement stresses the surrounding crust (Linde and Sacks, 1998). Our concern was only to study those earthquakes occurred after the eruptions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical analysis of time-distance relationship between volcanic eruptions and great earthquakes in Japan

Alam

Kimura

2014

Earth Planet Sp

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Volcanic eruptions preceded by seismicity, and great earthquakes (magnitude, M ≥ 7.6) within 100 km depth during a period of 123 years from 1880 to 2003 along the Pacific and Philippine Sea Plate in Japan are investigated. Correlation coefficients show that the relationship between earthquakes and eruptions (r = 0.99), and time and distance (r = −0.89) are highly correlated with 1% level of significance. The time-distance relationship between major eruptions and great earthquakes are shown by the model, Y = 40.15 − 14.53 log(X ), where Y and X indicate time (time interval from the starting time of a major eruption to the occurrence of the earthquake) and distance (distance from the volcano to the epicenter of the shock), respectively. Statistical analysis based on the relation shows that the eruptions occurred earlier prior to the concerned shock if the epicenter of the earthquake is nearer to the respective volcanic activity. This relation is recognized by various statistical testing procedures. Based on this relation, the crustal strain accumulation time in the estimated epicenter should be known. This suggests that eruptions may be a precursor for enough strain accumulation in the epicentral region where the increased accumulated regional strain may squeeze up magmas before breaking the crust. If this is true then the occurrence time of the shock may be predicted by a major eruption.

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Triggering of volcanic eruptions

Cited by 256 publications

References 9 publications

On the possibility of the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake reactivating Shinmoe-dake volcano, southwest Japan: insights from strain data measured in vaults

On the possibility of the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake reactivating Shinmoe-dake volcano, southwest Japan: insights from strain data measured in vaults

Real-time setup to measure radon emission during rock deformation: implications for geochemical surveillance

Statistical analysis of time-distance relationship between volcanic eruptions and great earthquakes in Japan

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