Tripartite Quantum Key Distribution Implemented with Imperfect Sources

Sekga, Comfort; Mafu, Mhlambululi

doi:10.3390/opt3030019

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 55 publications

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“…To encode information in a QKD protocol, the parties must choose a certain degree of freedom, for instance, polarization or phase properties of single-photon as quantum states 1 , 20 . This means one classical bit of information is encoded onto each quantum state, resulting in limited secret key rates 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-dimensional quantum key distribution implemented with biphotons

Sekga

Mafu

Senekane

2023

Sci Rep

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We present a high-dimensional measurement device-independent (MDI) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol employing biphotons to encode information. We exploit the biphotons as qutrits to improve the tolerance to error rate. Qutrits have a larger quantum system; hence they carry more bits of classical information and have improved robustness against eavesdropping compared to qubits. Notably, our proposed protocol is independent of measurement devices, thus eliminating the possibility of side-channel attacks. Also, we employ the finite key analysis approach to study the performance of our proposed protocol under realistic conditions where finite resources are used. Furthermore, we simulated the secret key rate for the proposed protocol in terms of the transmission distance for different fixed amounts of signals. The results prove that this protocol achieves a considerable secret key rate for a moderate transmission distance of 90 km by using $$10^{16}$$ 10 16 signals. Moreover, the expected secret key rate was simulated to examine our protocol’s performance at various intrinsic error rate values, $$Q=(0.3\%,0.6\%,1\%)$$ Q = ( 0.3 % , 0.6 % , 1 % ) caused by misalignment and instability due to the optical system. These results show that reasonable key rates are achieved with a minimum data size of about $$10^{14}$$ 10 14 signals which are realizable with the current technology. Thus, implementing MDI-QKD using finite resources while allowing intrinsic errors due to the optical system makes a giant step forward toward realizing practical QKD implementations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-dimensional quantum key distribution implemented with biphotons

Sekga

Mafu

Senekane

2023

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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A novel quantum key distribution resistant against large‐pulse attacks

Karabo,

Sekga,

Kissack

et al. 2024

IET Quantum Communication

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Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers information‐theoretic security by leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics. This means the security is independent of all future advances in algorithm or computational power. However, due to the non‐availability of single‐photon sources, most traditional QKD protocols are vulnerable to various attacks, such as photon number‐splitting (PNS) attacks. Also, the imperfections in the measuring devices open a loophole for side channels that an eavesdropper may exploit to launch attacks such as large‐pulse attacks. As a result, this compromises the security of transmitted information. To address these challenges, the authors present a QKD protocol that is secure against both large‐pulse attacks and PNS attacks at zero‐error, in which the eavesdropper does not introduce any error, but still, the legitimate users of the system cannot distil a secure key. A notable feature of the proposed protocol is that it promotes greater robustness against both attacks than the Bennett‐Brassard 1984 (BB84) protocol or the Scarani‐Acin‐Ribordy‐Gisin 2004 (SARG04) protocol.

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Advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning for quantum communication applications

Mafu

2024

IET Quantum Communication

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Artificial intelligence (AI) and classical machine learning (ML) techniques have revolutionised numerous fields, including quantum communication. Quantum communication technologies rely heavily on quantum resources, which can be challenging to produce, control, and maintain effectively to ensure optimum performance. ML has recently been applied to quantum communication and networks to mitigate noise‐induced errors and analyse quantum protocols. The authors systematically review state‐of‐the‐art ML applications to advance theoretical and experimental central quantum communication protocols, specifically quantum key distribution, quantum teleportation, quantum secret sharing, and quantum networks. Specifically, the authors survey the progress on how ML and, more broadly, AI techniques have been applied to optimise various components of a quantum communication system. This has resulted in ultra‐secure quantum communication protocols with optimised key generation rates as well as efficient and robust quantum networks. Integrating AI and ML techniques opens intriguing prospects for securing and facilitating efficient and reliable large‐scale communication between multiple parties. Most significantly, large‐scale communication networks have the potential to gradually develop the maturity of a future quantum internet.

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Tripartite Quantum Key Distribution Implemented with Imperfect Sources

Cited by 4 publications

References 55 publications

High-dimensional quantum key distribution implemented with biphotons

High-dimensional quantum key distribution implemented with biphotons

A novel quantum key distribution resistant against large‐pulse attacks

Advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning for quantum communication applications

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