Troponin Levels at Presentation Before Coronary Angiogram and Their Association With Cost, Mortality, and Readmission

Ahmad, Mansoor; Neilson, Nathan A; Mattumpuram, Jishanth; Tye, Michael; Asghar, Muhammad; Kim, Min‐Chul; Mungee, Sudhir

doi:10.7759/cureus.12057

Cited by 7 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Type I is diffuse ectasia of two or three vessels, type II is diffuse ectasia in one vessel with localised disease in another, type III is diffuse ectasia in only one vessel and type IV is limited to localised or segmental involvement. 23 These classifications, however, are not described with respect to people with only a single coronary ostium, as was the case with our patient. Multiple underlying aetiologies have been described, with atherosclerosis being the most common in adults.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

“…Other reported aetiologies include connective tissue disease (Marfan syndrome), inflammatory disease (Kawasaki disease) and systemic lupus erythematosus, with risk factors including hypertension and smoking. 23 In this case, systemic hypertension was not documented in the pre-or perianaesthetic periods; however, administration of atenolol, as well as the influence of measurements taken during general anaesthesia, may have led to underestimation of a prior hypertensive state. An additional consideration would be abnormal development and/or remodelling secondary to the dual blood supply that normally comes from a left and right ostium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Coronary ectasia is defined as a diffuse dilation of a coronary artery exceeding more than one-third of its length. 23 In human medicine, this has been subdivided into four types. Type I is diffuse ectasia of two or three vessels, type II is diffuse ectasia in one vessel with localised disease in another, type III is diffuse ectasia in only one vessel and type IV is limited to localised or segmental involvement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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64‐Slice ECG‐gated computed tomographic angiography for assessment of coronary arteries in brachycephalic dogs with pulmonary stenosis

Hallman,

Baumwart,

Hallman

2024

Veterinary Record

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BackgroundBrachycephalic dogs with pulmonary stenosis are known to have a higher incidence of concurrent coronary artery abnormalities than non‐brachycephalic breeds, which increases risk when performing balloon valvuloplasty. The use of ECG‐gated CT angiography has been reported for the evaluation of coronary arteries in normal dogs and dogs with pulmonary stenosis. The purpose of this study was to report findings of coronary artery origination and morphology of main branches using ECG‐gated CT angiography in brachycephalic dogs with pulmonary stenosis.MethodsAn ECG‐gated CT angiographic protocol was used to image coronary artery anatomy in nine brachycephalic dogs with pulmonary stenosis. Images were assessed for quality as well as coronary artery morphology by one veterinary radiologist, one veterinary cardiologist and one veterinary radiology resident.ResultsAll nine dogs had good to excellent image quality. Coronary artery anomalies were identified in three of nine dogs: one R2A anomaly, one L2A anomaly and one L2C anomaly. Two dogs were assessed to be poor balloon valvuloplasty candidates based on CT angiographic images.LimitationCoronary artery morphology was not confirmed via postmortem examination in all patients.ConclusionECG‐gated CT angiography is a minimally invasive imaging modality capable of diagnosing various coronary artery anomalies in brachycephalic dogs with pulmonary stenosis and aiding in the determination of patient candidacy for balloon valvuloplasty.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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64‐Slice ECG‐gated computed tomographic angiography for assessment of coronary arteries in brachycephalic dogs with pulmonary stenosis

Hallman,

Baumwart,

Hallman

2024

Veterinary Record

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“…Isolated ectasia still presents a risk of myocardial ischemia and infarction, even though there was no difference in mortality between those with and without CAE. 70 According to Markis' categorization, type I and II coronary ectasias have a worse prognosis than type III and IV. The death rate at 2 years is claimed to be 15%.…”

Section: Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…71 CAE that is isolated has a better prognosis, and antiplatelet medications are used to treat it. 70, 71…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronary Artery Ectasia

Patel

Shrivastava

Patel

et al. 2023

Indian Journal of Clinical Cardiology

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Some individuals develop a rare form of coronary heart disease called coronary artery ectasia (CAE). It is characterized by a dilation of more than one-third of the length of a coronary artery and a diameter that is 1.5 times that of the adjacent normal coronary artery. In the absence of significant coronary constriction, angina pectoris, positive stress tests, and acute coronary syndromes may all be indications of CAE. A distal embolization, vasospasm, or vascular rupture may cause thrombus formation in an ectatic artery. Antiplatelets, such as aspirin, are the cornerstone of treatment for people with CAE. Anticoagulants are used to prevent thrombus formation based on the presence of concurrent obstructive coronary artery disease and the patient’s risk of bleeding. As atherosclerosis is the most common cause of CAE, all patients are advised to take statins for primary prevention. Due to their anti-inflammatory properties, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors may be prescribed to individuals with hypertension. If hypertension and coronary vasospasm occur simultaneously, beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers may be beneficial. Because they may aggravate symptoms, nitrates are normally not suggested. Other CAE treatment methods include the prevention of thromboembolic complications and percutaneous or surgical revascularization. CAE prognosis is determined on the severity of the associated coronary artery.

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1-Year Patency of Biorestorative Polymeric Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts in an Ovine Model

Ono

Kageyama

O’Leary

et al. 2023

JACC: Basic to Translational Science

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Troponin Levels at Presentation Before Coronary Angiogram and Their Association With Cost, Mortality, and Readmission

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

64‐Slice ECG‐gated computed tomographic angiography for assessment of coronary arteries in brachycephalic dogs with pulmonary stenosis

64‐Slice ECG‐gated computed tomographic angiography for assessment of coronary arteries in brachycephalic dogs with pulmonary stenosis

Coronary Artery Ectasia

1-Year Patency of Biorestorative Polymeric Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts in an Ovine Model

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