Trust, Cooperation, and Self-Efficacy. A Research with Sicilian Entrepreneurs

Abstract

Investigating the relationship between self-concept and potential territory was the aim of our research. Particularly, we have provided if the self-concept, self-efficacy and metacognitive ability of Sicilian entrepreneurs correlate with trust in Sicily Region institution. Moreover, if there was a positive correlation between high levels in these constructs and trust in another Sicilian firms. In the end, we provided if entrepreneurs, which have high levels in self-concept, self-efficacy and metacognitive ability, were good at seeing and understanding Sicily. Seeing the Sicily as potential territory to protective and to get reality.Keywords: entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneur context, entrepreneurship. INTRODUCTION The Self-Concept ConstructThe self-concept research has followed a unique course (Rosenberg, 1989). The first one, who introduced "self" in his book, was William James (1890). He published the longest chapter entitled "The Consciousness of Self" in "The Principles of Psychology", his classic two-volume work. In the beginning, the self-concept research did not assume a central role in the area of psychologist's interest. The systematic study did not start before a lapse of nearly 60 years (Raimy, 1948). Cause the increasing attention was to observable behavior excluding subjective phenomena. In fact, Rosenberg (1979, p.7) described this as "the totality of individual's thoughts and feelings with reference to self as an object". Our cause for reflection comes alive from Baumeister theory. The author declares that "self" needs of three human experiences (universal experiences) for providing the indi- viduality. The "reflective awareness" refers to people becoming aware of themselves when they observe themselves in action, in social scenes. The "interpersonal identity" refers to people communicate self-image in social situations, when other look them. The third aspect is "executive functioning" of self-concept includes the research about behavioural motivation, choice of decision making, self-regulation. The Self-Efficacy ConceptSelf-efficacy is linked conceptually and empirically to attribution theory, which has seen growing interest in entrepreneurship research (Gatewood, Shaver & Katz, 1992;Krueger et al., 2000; Markman & Baronb, 2003).The self-efficacy construct includes one's beliefs about himself, personal competences and control in a given situation. We decided to include it in our research because self-efficacy influences the way individuals manage situations, problems, and tasks. A person who says himself: "I can do it", he is someone with high level of self-efficacy (Di Nuovo, Giovannini & Loiero, 1999). This variable is one of the best hallmarks that increases with experience and that is highly related to actual ability (Philips & Gully, 1997). Furthermore, entrepreneurial self-efficacy appears to be an important antecedent to new venture intentions and creation (Chen et al., 2009;Barbosa et al., 2007). In fact, entrepreneurship has been defined as "the creation of new enterpr...

Evidências de Validade da Escala de Adaptabilidade Cognitiva (EAC): Uma Adaptação para o Contexto Brasileiro em Empreendedores

“…Vale destacar que a EAC tem sido utilizada em diversos países e contextos ao redor do mundo, em sua integralidade ou utilizando seus fatores como subescalas independentes, especialmente na testagem de hipóteses ou mediações relacionados ao constructo (e.g., Burlea & Remmé, 2017;Galletta et al, 2016;Hurst, 2019;Learning, 2019;Pan & Sun, 2018;Rastkhiz, Dehkordi, & Farsi, 2019) ou mesmo discutida dentro da literatura sobre empreendedorismo (Naumann, 2017;Hisrich, Peters, & Shepherd, 2020;Vahidnia, Mitchell, Mitchell, & Chen, 2020), o que incentiva e justifica a sua adaptação aqui apresentada.…”

“…Cabe salientar que ainda não há no Brasil instrumento similar, especialmente focado no contexto organizacional e empresarial, o que torna este estudo relevante para suprir uma lacuna na literatura nacional sobre o tema. Adicionalmente, estudos recentes ao redor do mundo, junto com empreendedores e gestores, têm se utilizado da EAC para identificar padrões no processo de tomada de decisão, nível de autoconsciência e de flexibilidade frente ao trabalho, ou relação entre a metacognição e a autoeficácia (e.g., Burlea & Remmé, 2017;Galletta, Licciardello, Rampullo, Mauceri, & Damigella, 2016;Hurst, 2019;Pan & Sun, 2018). Em termos práticos, significa ampliar as possibilidades de análises e pesquisas no âmbito do contexto organizacional brasileiro.…”

La "cultura matricentrica" come possibile limite per la progettualitá di vita: quanto è importante il ruolo dei genitori?

“…3. Una scala sulla Fiducia (Galletta et al, 2016), per analizzare il sostegno mostrato nei confronti della Regione Sicilia e delle aziende siciliane presenti sul territorio. La scala è costituita da 8 items di tipo Likert a 5 punti (da "1" Per niente a "5" Molta).…”