Tryptic amaranth glutelin digests induce endothelial nitric oxide production through inhibition of ACE: Antihypertensive role of amaranth peptides

Rosa, Ana; Montoya, A.; Martinez-Cuevas, Pedro Pablo; Hernández-Ledesma, Blanca; León-Galván, Ma. Fabiola; León‐Rodríguez, Antonio De; González, Carmen

doi:10.1016/j.niox.2010.04.006

Cited by 80 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Reports have proposed that amaranth protein could be responsible of those effects, since bioactive peptides delivered after protease activity in stomach and intestine, are absorbed into the bloodstream [10]. A few reports have also indicated that amaranth contains peptides with inhibitory capacity against Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPPIV), an incretin-degrading enzyme [11] and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE), a vasoconstriction-related enzyme [12]. Additionally, peptides with lipid-lowering [13] and antidiabetic activity have been reported [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amaranth Protein Improves Lipid Profile and Insulin Resistance in a Diet-induced Obese Mice Model

Escobedo-Moratilla¹,

Velarde‐Salcedo²,

Magaña-Hernández³

et al. 2017

JFNR

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Amaranth has been claimed as functional food, but its function on obesity-related disorder is not fully known. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of amaranth protein intake on blood lipids profile and insulin resistance in diet-induced obese mice. The effect of soybean protein was also analysed for comparative purposes. C57BL-6 mice were fed for eight weeks with regular or high fat diet. Amaranth or soybean protein isolates (10 mg/kg) were supplied via oral administration. Changes in body weight, adipose tissue, total cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, a glucose tolerance test, as well as the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes were measured. Our results have shown that amaranth protein induces a decrease in plasma insulin in mice fed with a regular diet, whereas a decrease in triglycerides was observed in mice fed with high fat diet. Furthermore, down-regulation of Tnf-α and Res, suggested the inhibition of inflammation state. The present study demonstrates that amaranth protein, but not soybean protein, improves the obese mice health, and the hormonal modulation (Lep, Fasn, Lpl) could lead to new mechanism of action by which amaranth consumption exerts its beneficial health effect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amaranth Protein Improves Lipid Profile and Insulin Resistance in a Diet-induced Obese Mice Model

Escobedo-Moratilla¹,

Velarde‐Salcedo²,

Magaña-Hernández³

et al. 2017

JFNR

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“…The studies about peptides encrypted in amaranth proteins, analyzed different species and used diverse enzymes to digest the proteins, reporting Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and potential anticarcinogenic peptide actitivities [17,18,19,20]. Neither refers to the Amaranth cruentus species nor to the hypocholesterolemic effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Peptides from Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) Protein Inhibit HMG-CoA Reductase Activity

Soares

Mendonça

Castro

et al. 2015

IJMS

113

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The objective of this study was to identify the major peptides generated by the in vitro hydrolysis of Amaranthus cruentus protein and to verify the effect of these peptides on the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase), a key enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. A protein isolate was prepared, and an enzymatic hydrolysis that simulated the in vivo digestion of the protein was performed. After hydrolysis, the peptide mixture was filtered through a 3 kDa membrane. The peptide profile of this mixture was determined by reversed phase high performance chromatography (RP-HPLC), and the peptide identification was performed by LC-ESI MS/MS. Three major peptides under 3 kDa were detected, corresponding to more than 90% of the peptides of similar size produced by enzymatic hydrolysis. The sequences identified were GGV, IVG or LVG and VGVI or VGVL. These peptides had not yet been described for amaranth protein nor are they present in known sequences of amaranth grain protein, except LVG, which can be found in amaranth α‑amylase. Their ability to inhibit the activity of HMG-CoA reductase was determined, and we found that the sequences GGV, IVG, and VGVL, significantly inhibited this enzyme, suggesting a possible hypocholesterolemic effect.

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“…It also has bioactive compounds, with health promotion and prevention of CVD and hypercholesterolemia [18,19]. Peptides derived from unprocessed amaranth have antioxidant capacity [20]; antihypertensive, anticarcinogenic and antidiabetic potential [21,22]. Bioactive peptides from whole cereal grains could prevent CVD [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pepsin-pancreatin protein hydrolysates from extruded amaranth inhibit markers of atherosclerosis in LPS-induced THP-1 macrophages-like human cells by reducing expression of proteins in LOX-1 signaling pathway

Montoya-Rodríguez

Milán-Carrillo²,

Dia

et al. 2014

Proteome Sci

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BackgroundAtherosclerosis is considered a progressive disease that affects arteries that bring blood to the heart, to the brain and to the lower end. It derives from endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, which play an important role in the thrombotic complications of atherosclerosis. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death around the world and one factor that can contribute to its progression and prevention is diet. Our previous study found that amaranth hydrolysates inhibited LPS-induced inflammation in human and mouse macrophages by preventing activation of NF-κB signaling. Furthermore, extrusion improved the anti-inflammatory effect of amaranth protein hydrolysates in both cell lines, probably attributed to the production of bioactive peptides during processing. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the anti-atherosclerotic potential of pepsin-pancreatin hydrolysates from unprocessed and extruded amaranth in THP-1 lipopolysaccharide-induced human macrophages and suggest the mechanism of action.ResultsUnprocessed amaranth hydrolysate (UAH) and extruded amaranth hydrolysate (EAH) showed a significant reduction in the expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) (69% and 100%, respectively), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (64% and 52%, respectively), interleukin-22 (IL-22) (55% and 70%, respectively). Likewise, UAH and EAH showed a reduction in the expression of monocyte-chemo attractant protein-1 (MCP-1) (35% and 42%, respectively), transferrin receptor-1 (TfR-1) (48% and 61%, respectively), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (59% and 63%, respectively), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (60% and 63%, respectively). Also, EAH reduced the expression of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) (27%), intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) (28%) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) (19%), important molecular markers in the atherosclerosis pathway. EAH, led to a reduction of 58, 52 and 79% for LOX-1, ICAM-1 and MMP-9, respectively, by confocal microscopy.ConclusionsExtruded amaranth hydrolysate showed potential anti-atherosclerotic effect in LPS-induced THP-1 human macrophage-like cells by reducing the expression of proteins associated with LOX-1 signaling pathway.

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Tryptic amaranth glutelin digests induce endothelial nitric oxide production through inhibition of ACE: Antihypertensive role of amaranth peptides

Cited by 80 publications

References 42 publications

Amaranth Protein Improves Lipid Profile and Insulin Resistance in a Diet-induced Obese Mice Model

Amaranth Protein Improves Lipid Profile and Insulin Resistance in a Diet-induced Obese Mice Model

Major Peptides from Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) Protein Inhibit HMG-CoA Reductase Activity

Pepsin-pancreatin protein hydrolysates from extruded amaranth inhibit markers of atherosclerosis in LPS-induced THP-1 macrophages-like human cells by reducing expression of proteins in LOX-1 signaling pathway

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