“…Some related factors like size, number, location, composition of stone, renal anatomy, and patients clinical factors all come in consideration in conjunction with the morbidity associated with various surgical modalities and the availability of equipment before the preferred surgical approach is selected. 2 Percutaneous nephrolithotomy, as a primary procedure, was first described by Fernstrom and Johanson in 1976. 3 Subsequent report on percutaneous nephrolithotomy from the Mayo Clinic 4 and the University of Minnesota 5 and from West Germany 6 and England 7 established percutaneous nephrolithotomy and refined the technique.…”