Tuber and Tuberous Root Development

Zierer, Wolfgang; Rüscher, David; Sonnewald, Uwe; Sonnewald, Sophia

doi:10.1146/annurev-arplant-080720-084456

Cited by 121 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…Therefore, the patterns and mechanisms of tuber number is an important research target. Extensive research has focused on tuberization in recent decades (Navarro et al, 2011 ; Zierer et al, 2021 ), but less attention has been paid to subsequent developmental changes in tubers. We found that not all initiated tubers swelled continuously until harvest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several leaf‐derived signals are involved in tuberization, including FT (FLOWERING LOCUS T) protein (Abelenda et al, 2014 ; Navarro et al, 2011 ), BEL (BELLRINGER‐1 like), mRNA Bel5 (Banerjee et al, 2006 ; Cho et al, 2015 ), miR156, and miRNA 172 (Bhogale et al, 2014 ; Martin et al, 2009 ). Environmental factors, such as photoperiod, light quality, temperature, water, and nutrient supply, influence tuber development (Suyala et al, 2017 ; Zierer et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sucrose synthesized in mesophyll cells first diffuses symplasmically to the phloem parenchyma–companion cell border (Zierer et al, 2021 ). A sucrose efflux carrier, SUGARS WILL EVENTUALLY BE EXPORTED TRANSPORTER (SWEET), anchored at the membrane exports sucrose from parenchyma cells into the sieve element‐companion cell complex (Braun, 2012 ; Chen et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potato tuber degradation is regulated by carbohydrate metabolism: Results of transcriptomic analysis

et al. 2022

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Tuber number is an essential factor determining yield and commodity in potato production. The initiation number has long been considered the sole determinant of the final total tuber number. In this study, we observed that tuber numbers at harvest were lower than at the tuber bulking stage; some formed tubers that were smaller than 3 cm degraded during development. Carbohydrate metabolism plays a crucial role in tuber degradation by coordinating the source–sink relationship. The contents of starch and sucrose, and the C:N ratio, are dramatically reduced in degradating tubers. Transcriptomic study showed that “carbohydrate metabolic processes” are Gene Ontology (GO) terms associated with tuber degradation. A polysaccharide degradation‐related gene, LOC102601831, and a sugar transport gene, LOC102587850 (SWEET6a), are dramatically up‐regulated in degradating tubers according to transcriptomic analysis, as validated by qRT‐PCT. The terms “peptidase inhibitor activity” and “hydrolase activity” refer to the changes in molecular functions that degradating tubers exhibit. Nitrogen supplementation during potato development alleviates tuber degradation to a certain degree. This study provides novel insight into potato tuber development and possible management strategies for improving potato cultivation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potato tuber degradation is regulated by carbohydrate metabolism: Results of transcriptomic analysis

et al. 2022

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“…The identified Poan-specific gene families are enriched in GO terms such as “response to light density” and “response to UV-B”. Light quality and intensity is one of the important factors of tuberous root formation [ 63 ]. It is important for Poan to adapt to the light density.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly Provides New Insights into Genome Evolution and Tuberous Root Formation of Potentilla anserina

Gan

Zong

et al. 2021

Genes

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Potentilla anserina is a perennial stoloniferous plant with edible tuberous roots in Rosaceae, served as important food and medicine sources for Tibetans in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), China, over thousands of years. However, a lack of genome information hindered the genetic study. Here, we presented a chromosome-level genome assembly using single-molecule long-read sequencing, and the Hi-C technique. The assembled genome was 454.28 Mb, containing 14 chromosomes, with contig N50 of 2.14 Mb. A total of 46,495 protein-coding genes, 169.74 Mb repeat regions, and 31.76 Kb non-coding RNA were predicted. P. anserina diverged from Potentilla micrantha ∼28.52 million years ago (Mya). Furthermore, P. anserina underwent a recent tetraploidization ∼6.4 Mya. The species-specific genes were enriched in Starch and sucrose metabolism and Galactose metabolism pathways. We identified the sub-genome structures of P. anserina, with A sub-genome was larger than B sub-genome and closer to P. micrantha phylogenetically. Despite lacking significant genome-wide expression dominance, the A sub-genome had higher homoeologous gene expression in shoot apical meristem, flower and tuberous root. The resistance genes was contracted in P. anserina genome. Key genes involved in starch biosynthesis were expanded and highly expressed in tuberous roots, which probably drives the tuber formation. The genomics and transcriptomics data generated in this study advance our understanding of the genomic landscape of P. anserina, and will accelerate genetic studies and breeding programs.

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“…This aspect has been addressed in recent articles (Paliwal et al, 2020; Vanlauwe et al, 2019) and will not be discussed in our review. Similarly, we will not address specific root traits related to root and tuber crops that play an important role for food security in sub‐Saharan Africa and were discussed in recent reviews (Duque & Villordon, 2019; Zierer et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root traits for low input agroecosystems in Africa: Lessons from three case studies

Ndoye

Burridge

Bhosale

et al. 2022

Plant Cell & Environment

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In many regions across Africa, agriculture is largely based on low‐input and small‐holder farming systems that use little inorganic fertilisers and have limited access to irrigation and mechanisation. Improving agricultural practices and developing new cultivars adapted to these environments, where production already suffers from climate change, is a major priority for food security. Here, we illustrate how breeding for specific root traits could improve crop resilience in Africa using three case studies covering very contrasting low‐input agroecosystems. We first review how greater basal root whorl number and longer and denser root hairs increased P acquisition efficiency and yield in common bean in South East Africa. We then discuss how water‐saving strategies, root hair density and deep root growth could be targeted to improve sorghum and pearl millet yield in West Africa. Finally, we evaluate how breeding for denser root systems in the topsoil and interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi could be mobilised to optimise water‐saving alternate wetting and drying practices in West African rice agroecosystems. We conclude with a discussion on how to evaluate the utility of root traits and how to make root trait selection feasible for breeders so that improved varieties can be made available to farmers through participatory approaches.

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Tuber and Tuberous Root Development

Cited by 121 publications

References 160 publications

Potato tuber degradation is regulated by carbohydrate metabolism: Results of transcriptomic analysis

Potato tuber degradation is regulated by carbohydrate metabolism: Results of transcriptomic analysis

Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly Provides New Insights into Genome Evolution and Tuberous Root Formation of Potentilla anserina

Root traits for low input agroecosystems in Africa: Lessons from three case studies

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