Tumor-Treating Fields (TTFields) Suppress Tunneling Nanotube Formation in Malignant Mesothelioma

Sarkari, Akshat; Zhai, Edward; Lou, Emil

doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1058

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…TNTs are protrusions in actin-containing membranes that are formed in excess in many pathological conditions; for instance, malignant pleural mesothelioma is rich in TNTs. The application of dielectrophoretic force inhibited TNTs formation in mesothelioma by 60% over 72 h and made these cells sensitized to the cytotoxic effect of conventional chemotherapy [152,153]. Other studies have confirmed that TNTs are upregulated in many invasive cancer cells, and their further formation is a response to hypoxic conditions or chemotherapeutic drugs.…”

Section: Tunnel Nanotubesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Communication in the Cancer Microenvironment as a Target for Therapeutic Interventions

Dominiak

Chełstowska

Olejarz

et al. 2020

Cancers

114

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The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex system composed of multiple cells, such as non-cancerous fibroblasts, adipocytes, immune and vascular cells, as well as signal molecules and mediators. Tumor cells recruit and reprogram other cells to produce factors that maintain tumor growth. Communication between cancerous and surrounding cells is a two-way process and engages a diverse range of mechanisms that, in consequence, can lead to rapid proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance, or can serve as a tumors-suppressor, e.g., through tumor–immune cell interaction. Cross-talk within the cancer microenvironment can be direct by cell-to-cell contact via adhesion molecules, electrical coupling, and passage through gap junctions, or indirect through classical paracrine signaling by cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular vesicles. Therapeutic approaches for modulation of cell-cell communication may be a promising strategy to combat tumors. In particular, integrative approaches targeting tumor communication in combination with conventional chemotherapy seem reasonable. Currently, special attention is paid to suppressing the formation of open-ended channels as well as blocking exosome production or ablating their cargos. However, many aspects of cell-to-cell communication have yet to be clarified, and, in particular, more work is needed in regard to mechanisms of bidirectional signal transfer. Finally, it seems that some interactions in TEM can be not only cancer-specific, but also patient-specific, and their recognition would help to predict patient response to therapy.

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Section: Tunnel Nanotubesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Communication in the Cancer Microenvironment as a Target for Therapeutic Interventions

Dominiak

Chełstowska

Olejarz

et al. 2020

Cancers

114

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“…Briefly, TTFields has several mechanisms of beneficial action in cancers including being anti-mitotic, inhibiting DNA repair (through reducing MCMs expression), immunomodulation, increasing cell membrane permeability, hindering migration and metastases (through reduction in signaling including nuclear factor (NF)-κB-, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt-dependent), attenuating TNT formation, and enhancing autophagy (Fig. 2 b) [ 106 – 108 ]. Also, it can be applied through different arrays of electrodes on the head, chest, and abdomen for several types of cancer (Fig.…”

Section: Tumor Treating Fields Its Benefits and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it has been reported that TTFields can suppress the formation of TNTs drastically, and as far as mentioned above, TNTs can facilitate SARS-COV-2 viral entry, and evading them from the immune system and pharmaceutical targeting [ 73 , 108 ]. Hence, it can be speculated that TTFields not only can reduce SARS-COV-2 viral entry, and replication, but it can also enhance the efficiency of the immune system and antiviral pharmaceuticals against them.…”

Section: Tumor Treating Fields Its Benefits and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview on tumor treating fields (TTFields) technology as a new potential subsidiary biophysical treatment for COVID-19

Farmani

Mahdavinezhad

Scagnolari

et al. 2021

Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res.

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Graphical abstract COVID-19 pandemic situation has affected millions of people with tens of thousands of deaths worldwide. Despite all efforts for finding drugs or vaccines, the key role for the survival of patients is still related to the immune system. Therefore, improving the efficacy and the functionality of the immune system of COVID-19 patients is very crucial. The potential new, non-invasive, FDA-approved biophysical technology that could be considered in this regard is tumor treating fields (TTFields) based on an alternating electric field has great biological effects. TTFields have significant effects in improving the functionality of dendritic cell, and cytotoxic T-cells, and these cells have a major role in defense against viral infection. Hence, applying TTFields could help COVID-19 patients against infection. Additionally, TTFields can reduce viral genomic replication, by reducing the expressions of some of the vital members of DNA replication complex genes from the minichromosome maintenance family (MCMs). These genes not only are involved in DNA replication but it has also been proven that they have a crucial role in viral replication. Also, TTFields suppress the formation of the network of tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) which is knows as filamentous (F)-actin-rich tubular structures. TNTs have a critical role in promoting the spread of viruses through improving viral entry and acting as a protective agent for viral components from immune cells and even pharmaceuticals. Moreover, TTFields enhance autophagy which leads to apoptosis of virally infected cells. Thus, it can be speculated that using TTFields may prove to be a promising approach as a subsidiary treatment of COVID-19.

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Tumor-Treating Fields (TTFields) Suppress Tunneling Nanotube Formation in Malignant Mesothelioma

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Communication in the Cancer Microenvironment as a Target for Therapeutic Interventions

Communication in the Cancer Microenvironment as a Target for Therapeutic Interventions

An overview on tumor treating fields (TTFields) technology as a new potential subsidiary biophysical treatment for COVID-19

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