Tunable diode laser measurements on nitric oxide in a hypersonic wind tunnel

Mohamed, Ajmal Khan; Rosier, Bernard; Henry, D.; Louvet, Y.; Varghese, Philip L.

doi:10.2514/6.1995-428

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Shortly thereafter, diode lasers found application to in-situ measurements of combustion gases (Hanson et al 1977). Applications of mid-IR diode lasers to combustion and high-speed flow research continue to appear in the scientific and engineering literature, including monitors for ammonia in coal combustion (Silver et al 1991), NO in high-enthalpy shock tunnel flows (Mohammed et al 1996) and aeroengine exhaust analysis (Wiesen et al 1996). † E-mail address: allen@psicorp.com Today diode lasers dominate the overall laser market, representing over $1.6 billion in 1996 sales (Steele 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diode laser absorption sensors for gas-dynamic and combustion flows

Allen

1998

Meas. Sci. Technol.

499

194

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Recent advances in room-temperature, near-IR and visible diode laser sources for tele-communication, high-speed computer networks, and optical data storage applications are enabling a new generation of gas-dynamic and combustion-flow sensors based on laser absorption spectroscopy. In addition to conventional species concentration and density measurements, spectroscopic techniques for temperature, velocity, pressure and mass flux have been demonstrated in laboratory, industrial and technical flows. Combined with fibreoptic distribution networks and ultrasensitive detection strategies, compact and portable sensors are now appearing for a variety of applications. In many cases, the superior spectroscopic quality of the new laser sources compared with earlier cryogenic, mid-IR devices is allowing increased sensitivity of trace species measurements, high-precision spectroscopy of major gas constituents, and stable, autonomous measurement systems. The purpose of this article is to review recent progress in this field and suggest likely directions for future research and development. The various laser-source technologies are briefly reviewed as they relate to sensor applications. Basic theory for laser absorption measurements of gas-dynamic properties is reviewed and special detection strategies for the weak near-IR and visible absorption spectra are described. Typical sensor configurations are described and compared for various application scenarios, ranging from laboratory research to automated field and airborne packages. Recent applications of gas-dynamic sensors for air flows and fluxes of trace atmospheric species are presented. Applications of gas-dynamic and combustion sensors to research and development of high-speed flows aeropropulsion engines, and combustion emissions monitoring are presented in detail, along with emerging flow control systems based on these new sensors. Finally, technology in nonlinear frequency conversion, UV laser materials, room-temperature mid-IR materials and broadly tunable multisection devices is reviewed to suggest new sensor possibilities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diode laser absorption sensors for gas-dynamic and combustion flows

Allen

1998

Meas. Sci. Technol.

499

194

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“…Utilizing the equations governing the absorption process in Eqs. (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19), a spectral transmittance is nonlinear-fitted to the measured spectral transmittance data by iteratively adjusting the absorbing specie number density. Unlike the previous two techniques, this technique does not utilize integration over the spectral line and thus does not possess the indirect dependency on the line width that is inherent with a line integration technique when one cannot scan the entire absorption feature.…”

Section: Nonlinear Spectral Transmittance Curve Fit For Absorbing Spementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Refs. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Whether it is applied to measurements of humidity in an aerodynamic wind tunnel, mass flow in a vehicle or facility, or quantification of specie concentration for combustion efficiency determination, optical diagnostics is gaining acceptance as a key Test and Evaluation (T&E) diagnostic tool. Although the area of optical diagnostics is extremely diverse with techniques such as coherent AntiStokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS), laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy, and absorption spectroscopy, the attention here will be devoted totally to absorption spectroscopy, particularly to laser absorption spectroscopy, which currently composes the widest application in optical spectroscopic-based diagnostics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HITRAN/HITEMP Spectral Databases and Uncertainty Propagation by Means of Monte Carlo Simulation with Application to Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Diagnostics

Phillips¹,

Plemmons²,

Galyen³

2011

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Reviewed by: CARRIE REINHOLTZ Project Manager Technology Branch (TTSY), USAF Approved by:SCOTT WALTERMIRE Technical Director Technology Branch (TTSY), USAF REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number.

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“…Therefore, researchers have developed various diagnostics for such measurements. Diagnostics based on tunable diode-laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) have emerged as an attractive technique, due to its robustness, relatively simple implementation, and capability to simultaneously measure multiple flow parameters in high-speed flows (including velocity, temperature, pressure, species concentration, and mass flow rate) [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous measurements of multiple flow parameters for scramjet characterization using tunable diode-laser sensors

et al. 2011

Appl. Opt.

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This paper reports the simultaneous measurements of multiple flow parameters in a scramjet facility operating at a nominal Mach number of 2.5 using a sensing system based on tunable diode-laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS). The TDLAS system measures velocity, temperature, and water vapor partial pressure at three different locations of the scramjet: the inlet, the combustion region near the flame stabilization cavity, and the exit of the combustor. These measurements enable the determination of the variation of the Mach number and the combustion mode in the scramjet engine, which are critical for evaluating the combustion efficiency and optimizing engine performance. The results obtained in this work clearly demonstrated the applicability of TDLAS sensors in harsh and high-speed environments. The TDLAS system, due to its unique virtues, is expected to play an important role in the development of scramjet engines.

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Tunable diode laser measurements on nitric oxide in a hypersonic wind tunnel

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Diode laser absorption sensors for gas-dynamic and combustion flows

Diode laser absorption sensors for gas-dynamic and combustion flows

HITRAN/HITEMP Spectral Databases and Uncertainty Propagation by Means of Monte Carlo Simulation with Application to Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Diagnostics

Simultaneous measurements of multiple flow parameters for scramjet characterization using tunable diode-laser sensors

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