Tunable photonic structures from liquid crystal elastomers

Gregorc, Marko; Li, Hui; Domenici, Valentina; Drevenšek‐Olenik, Irena

doi:10.1117/12.2000624

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…They can affect the amplitude as well as the phase of an optical field [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. One of their advantageous properties is tunability, which can be obtained by the application of external stimuli, such as electric [ 4 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], magnetic [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ], and mechanical or optical fields [ 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetically Tunable Liquid Crystal-Based Optical Diffraction Gratings

2020

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We present a theoretical analysis of optical diffractive properties of magnetically tunable optical transmission gratings composed of periodically assembled layers of a polymer and a ferromagnetic liquid crystal (LC). The orientational structure of the LC layers as a function of an applied magnetic field is calculated by minimization of the Landau-de Gennes free energy for ferromagnetic LCs, which is performed numerically and also analytically by using the one-constant approximation and the approximations of the high and the low magnetic fields. Optical diffractive properties of the associated diffraction structure are calculated numerically in the framework of rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA). The presented methodology provides a basis for designing new types of diffractive optical element based on ferromagnetic LCs and simulating their operation governed by the in-plane magnetic field.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetically Tunable Liquid Crystal-Based Optical Diffraction Gratings

2020

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“…Another interesting property of azo‐containing LCEs is their huge opto‐optical response, which is associated with huge light‐induced modifications of the optical refractive index, that appear due to collective response of the LCE medium to the trans‐ to‐ cis photoisomerization process. For that reason optical patterning of LCEs provides simple fabrication of tunable optical diffraction structures (volume holograms) that can easily be manipulated by external strain and/or temperature variations …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light‐Induced Refractive Index Modulation in Photoactive Liquid‐Crystalline Elastomers

Tašič

Sánchez‐Ferrer

et al. 2013

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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A comparative study of UV‐irradiation‐induced refractive index modulation in two analogous monodomain nematic side‐chain liquid‐crystalline elastomer materials is conveyed. In one of them, mesogenic azobenzene derivatives are incorporated as pendant co‐monomers, and in the other as crosslinking units. The dependence of the optical diffraction properties on the polarization state of the probe beam reveals that diffraction is predominantly of a bulk origin for both materials. For prolonged UV exposures, the material with pendant azobenzene derivatives exhibits practically constant diffraction properties, while the material with cross‐linking azobenzene units shows a profound decrease of diffraction efficiency with increasing exposure time. The difference is attributed to photoinduced alignment of the azobenzene molecules, which is much stronger in the material with the crosslinking azobenzene units.

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“…Furthermore, a sequence-and time-dependent synergism between NGR-hTNF and chemotherapy was observed when the former was administered 2 hours before the latter [7,8]. Phase I trials selected NGR-hTNF 0.8 µg/m 2 as the optimal dose in monotherapy [9] and in combination with doxorubicin [10], based on dynamic imaging changes, soluble TNF-receptors kinetics, and tolerability. In this singlearm phase II trial, the addition of NGR-hTNF 0.8 µg/m 2 to doxorubicin 75 mg/m 2 was associated with a manageable toxicity profile and similar antitumor activity in platinumresistant and platinum-sensitive patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NGR-hTNF and Doxorubicin as Second-Line Treatment of Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer

et al. 2018

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Lessons Learned. NGR‐hTNF was safely combined with doxorubicin, showing a promising antitumor activity in unselected patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer.Similar antitumor activity was observed in platinum‐sensitive and platinum‐resistant patient cohorts.Background.Relapsed small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients have limited treatment options and poor outcomes. NGR‐hTNF is a vascular‐targeting agent, which increases intratumoral chemotherapy penetration and T‐lymphocyte infiltration.Methods.Twenty‐eight patients relapsing after at least one platinum‐based regimen with a treatment‐free interval shorter (n = 16; platinum‐resistant) or longer (n = 12; platinum‐sensitive) than 3 months received NGR‐hTNF 0.8 μg/m2 plus doxorubicin 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint of this single‐arm phase II trial was progression‐free survival (PFS), and safety, response rate, and survival were secondary endpoints.Results.The most common grade 3–4 toxicities were neutropenia (53%) and anemia (21%). Median PFS was 3.2 months for all patients, 2.7 months for platinum‐resistant patients, and 4.1 months for platinum‐sensitive patients. Seven patients had partial responses (25%), including four (25%) with platinum‐resistant and three (25%) with platinum‐sensitive relapse. Mean changes from baseline in tumor burden (after two, four, and six cycles) did not differ between platinum‐resistant (−9%, −29%, and −32%) and platinum‐sensitive (−11%, −20%, and −43%) cohorts. Overall survival was associated only with baseline lymphocyte counts, with median survival times of 13.1 and 5.2 months for lymphocyte counts above or below the median, respectively.Conclusion.NGR‐hTNF plus doxorubicin showed manageable toxicity and promising activity in patients with relapsed SCLC.

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Tunable photonic structures from liquid crystal elastomers

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Magnetically Tunable Liquid Crystal-Based Optical Diffraction Gratings

Magnetically Tunable Liquid Crystal-Based Optical Diffraction Gratings

Light‐Induced Refractive Index Modulation in Photoactive Liquid‐Crystalline Elastomers

NGR-hTNF and Doxorubicin as Second-Line Treatment of Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer

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