Tuning the structure and the mechanical properties of epoxy–silica sol–gel hybrid materials

Domènech, Berta; Mata, Ignasi; Molins, Elı́es

doi:10.1039/c5ra25539b

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Considering that According to the experimental data, the researchers found that the flexibility and robustness of the pore structure can be enhanced via the combination with polymers. Domènech et al [132] synthesized a porous organic-inorganic hybrid material composed of silica and epoxy resin via a one-pot sol-gel process and subsequent supercritical drying. These results prove that controlling the bridged alkoxide proportions to enhance the mechanical properties of the silica aerogel is feasible and that the strain at 18 N can achieve 80%.…”

Section: Epoxidementioning

confidence: 99%

The Synthesis and Polymer-Reinforced Mechanical Properties of SiO2 Aerogels: A Review

et al. 2023

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Silica aerogels are considered as the distinguished materials of the future due to their extremely low thermal conductivity, low density, and high surface area. They are widely used in construction engineering, aeronautical domains, environmental protection, heat storage, etc. However, their fragile mechanical properties are the bottleneck restricting the engineering application of silica aerogels. This review briefly introduces the synthesis of silica aerogels, including the processes of sol–gel chemistry, aging, and drying. The effects of different silicon sources on the mechanical properties of silica aerogels are summarized. Moreover, the reaction mechanism of the three stages is also described. Then, five types of polymers that are commonly used to enhance the mechanical properties of silica aerogels are listed, and the current research progress is introduced. Finally, the outlook and prospects of the silica aerogels are proposed, and this paper further summarizes the methods of different polymers to enhance silica aerogels.

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Section: Epoxidementioning

confidence: 99%

The Synthesis and Polymer-Reinforced Mechanical Properties of SiO2 Aerogels: A Review

et al. 2023

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“…Silicone has the advantages of heat resistance, weather resistance, hydrophobic, low surface energy, good flexibility, and so on. The modification of epoxy resin with silicone can not only reduce the internal stress, but also improve the toughness and heat resistance 12–18 . The modification methods include physical modification and chemical modification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modification of epoxy resin with silicone can not only reduce the internal stress, but also improve the toughness and heat resistance. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The modification methods include physical modification and chemical modification. The physical blending modification is simple and low cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and properties of silicone‐epoxy polymer with long silicone chain

Wang

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Silicone-epoxy polymers (SEP) with different n(Si H)/n(C C) ratios were synthesized through the hydrosilylation reaction of diallyl bisphenol A epoxy resin (DADGEBA) and hydrogen-containing silicone oil (HS) with long silicone chain.The structure of SEP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H NMR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and the compatibility of the curing system was studied by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). DMA and SEM results showed that after curing with epoxy curing agent, the compatibility of the curing system was excellent. The mechanical, bonding, and thermal properties of the cured product were also measured. The cured product exhibited superior thermal stability and mechanical properties. High toughness of SEP was provided by the long silicone chain, and high mechanical strength was provided by the cross-linking networks. The maximum tensile strength was 15.64 MPa, the maximum elongation at break was 62%, and the maximum tensile lap-shear strength was 8.89 MPa. The silicone-epoxy polymers can be widely used in electronic packaging in the future.

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“…Considering feasible and worthwhile ways to enhance the structural strength of silica aerogel, several researchers have recently tried to focus on synthesizing hybrid organic–inorganic silica aerogels in which different organic or synthetic polymers are crosslinked with the silica aerogel using various crosslinkers. For instance, polyurea, epoxides, polyacrylates, polyimides, and polystyrene polymers have been crosslinked with pristine silica aerogel by using diisocyanates, (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane, acrylates, anhydrides, and vinyl trimethoxysilane, among others, as the crosslinker, respectively [ 13 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Moreover, radical polymerization of alkene and vinyl-functionalized monomers represents another effective reinforcement method based on vinyl trimethoxysilane, vinylmethyldimethoxysiloxane, or vinylmethyldiethoxysiloxane to enhance the mechanical properties and stability of silica aerogel [ 21 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Pot Sol–Gel Synthesis of Highly Insulative Hybrid P(AAm-CO-AAc)-Silica Aerogels with Improved Mechanical and Thermal Properties

Ransing

Dhavale

Bangi

et al. 2023

Gels

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Silica aerogels and their derivatives have outstanding thermal properties with exceptional values in the thermal insulation industry. However, their brittle nature restricts their large-scale commercialization. Thus, enhancing their mechanical strength without affecting their thermal insulating properties is essential. Therefore, for the first time, highly thermally stable poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) partial sodium salt is used as a reinforcing polymer to synthesize hybrid P(AAm-CO-AAc)-silica aerogels via epoxy ring-opening polymerization in the present study. Functional groups in P(AAm-CO-AAc) partial sodium salts, such as CONH2 and COOH, acted as nucleophiles for the epoxy ring-opening reaction with (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, which resulted in a seven-fold enhancement in mechanical strength compared to that of pristine silica aerogel while maintaining thermal conductivity at less than 30.6 mW/mK and porosity of more than 93.68%. Moreover, the hybrid P(AAm-CO-AAc)-silica aerogel demonstrated improved thermal stability up to 343 °C, owing to the synergetic effect between the P(AAm-CO-AAc) and the silica aerogel, corresponding to the thermal stability and strong covalent bonding among them. These excellent results illustrate that this new synthetic approach for producing hybrid P(AAm-CO-AAc)-silica aerogels is useful for enhancing the mechanical strength of pristine silica aerogel without impairing its thermal insulating property and shows potential as an industrial heat insulation material.

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Tuning the structure and the mechanical properties of epoxy–silica sol–gel hybrid materials

Abstract: A new epoxy–silica porous material prepared via one-pot sol–gel process. Mechanical properties can be continuously tuned by modifying reactant proportions.

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

The Synthesis and Polymer-Reinforced Mechanical Properties of SiO2 Aerogels: A Review

The Synthesis and Polymer-Reinforced Mechanical Properties of SiO2 Aerogels: A Review

Synthesis and properties of silicone‐epoxy polymer with long silicone chain

One-Pot Sol–Gel Synthesis of Highly Insulative Hybrid P(AAm-CO-AAc)-Silica Aerogels with Improved Mechanical and Thermal Properties

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