Turbulence leads to overestimation of the acid-diffusion coefficient at typical experimental conditions using the rotating disk apparatus

Ivanishin, Igor; Kotb, Abdelrahman; Nasr‐El‐Din, Hisham A.

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2021.108805

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Eddy current is therefore magnified, triggering localized turbulence. Ivanishin et al [ 30 ] showed that the transition from laminar to turbulent flow condition actually happened at Reynolds numbers lower than 10 000 towards the outer edge of the disk, but Levich's theory still applies without noticeable error. The above conditions are important when defining the parameters of the experimental setup and procedure.…”

Section: Mass Transfer Coefficient Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid retardation for deeper stimulation—Revisiting the chemistry and evaluation methods

2021

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Acid fracturing treatment in upstream oil and gas production is done to extend the connectivity of the wellbore deep into the reservoir. This is achieved through a dissolution process using acid in conjunction with hydraulic fracturing. A key to success is to impart favourable reaction kinetics between the acid and rock matrix. If the reaction proceeds too rapidly, it results in large voids in the near‐wellbore area but insufficient dissolution in the reservoir. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is ubiquitous in the petroleum industry for acidizing applications due to its high dissolving capacity towards carbonate minerals, soluble reaction products, and low cost. Its corrosive nature coupled with rapid reaction kinetics have forced the industry to search for mechanisms to address these limitations. The concepts for slowing down reaction rate centre around (1) reducing mass transfer of hydrogen ions, H+; (2) limiting H+ ion dissociation; and (3) altering the wetting property of the rock surface. Reaction kinetics data is critical to guiding the selection of the suitable acid formulations for acid fracturing process. They are commonly measured in the lab using instruments such as a rotating disk reactor, flow cells, and diffusion cell. Though routinely applied, these experimental methods, including their setups and procedures, are rarely questioned. The experimental artefacts can lead to wrong conclusions. Deeper understanding of the fundamental assumptions behind the apparatus design and test procedures is critical. This paper discusses the chemistries employed in acid retardation, and more importantly the attention needed when extending the experimental data to field treatment.

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Section: Mass Transfer Coefficient Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%