Turkish Version of the Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties

Abstract

Cognitive distortions are interrelated with all layers of cognitions, and they may be part of the treatment once they are accessed, identified, labeled, and changed. From both a research and a clinical perspective, it is of utmost importance to disentangle cognitive distortions from similar constructs. Recently, the Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire (CD-Quest), a brief and comprehensive measure, was developed to assess both the frequency and the intensity of cognitive distortions. The aim of the present study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the CD-Quest in a psychiatric outpatient sample. Demographic and clinical data of the participants were analyzed by descriptive statistics. For group comparisons, Student's t-test was applied. An exploratory principal components factor analysis was performed, followed by an oblique rotation. To assess the internal consistency of the scale Cronbach's α was computed. The correlation coefficient was calculated for test-retest reliability over a 4-week period. For concurrent validity, bivariate Pearson correlation analyses were conducted with the measures of mood severity and negatively biased cognitions. The results revealed that the scale had excellent internal consistency, good test-retest reliability, unidimensional factor structure, and evidence of concurrent and discriminant validity.

The Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire (CD-Quest): Validation in a Sample of Adults with Social Anxiety Disorder

“…Thus, we used the combined total score as broader marker of cognitive distortion severity. As predicted, and consistent with all previous studies on the measure (Batmaz et al, 2015; de Oliveira et al, 2015; Kostoglou & Pidgeon, 2016; Morrison et al, 2015), confirmatory factor analysis and post hoc exploratory factor analysis demonstrated that the CD-Quest possessed a unidimensional factor structure. Our results confirm this structure in an adult sample of English-speaking SAD patients, providing further evidence that one broad factor underlies the tendency to experience the types of thinking patterns identified in the CD-Quest.…”

“…This finding was surprising in light of previous reports of significant correlations of the CD-Quest with the BDI-II (Batmaz et al, 2015; Morrison et al, 2015). However, the distribution of BDI-II scores was considerably positively skewed, suggesting that depression scores were uniformly low in this sample and potentially accounted for the lack of correlation.…”

“…The CD-Quest has the potential to be such a measure. Recent research has demonstrated it to be reliable and valid in Portuguese and English-speaking undergraduate samples (de Oliveira et al, 2015; Kostoglou & Pidgeon, 2016; Morrison et al, 2015) and a Turkish clinical sample (Batmaz et al, 2015). The current study aimed to conduct the first evaluation of the CD-Quest in an English-speaking clinical population and in a sample of patients with SAD.…”

“…The CD-Quest can therefore generate three separate scores: frequency, intensity, and total. The CD-Quest has demonstrated good internal consistency (αs = .80–.91) and convergent validity with measures of anxiety, depression, and automatic thoughts ( r s > .45) (Batmaz et al, 2015; de Oliveira et al, 2015; Kostoglou & Pidgeon, 2016; Morrison et al, 2015). …”

“…Batmaz, Kocbiyik, and Yuncu (2015) conducted the first study examining the psychometric properties of the CD-Quest in a clinical sample. They assessed the Turkish version of the CD-Quest in a mixed psychiatric outpatient sample with mood symptoms.…”