Cancer remains one of the most pressing health concerns worldwide, driving continuous efforts in pharmaceutical research to develop more effective treatments. In the ever-evolving landscape of cancer therapy, cocrystals stand as promising contenders, offering enhanced solubility, stability, and bioavailability to traditional anticancer agents. Co-crystallization, a strategy emerging at the nexus of pharmaceutical and crystal engineering. From the fundamental principles of cocrystal engineering to advanced spectroscopic and crystallographic methodologies, each aspect is meticulously dissected to unveil the transformative potential of cocrystals in oncology. The review elucidates the transformative potential of cocrystals in oncology, highlighting their capacity to revolutionize drug delivery and efficacy. Recent advancements in the field are comprehensively examined, showcasing the promising role of anticancer cocrystals in paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies and improved patient outcomes. Cocrystals represent a promising avenue in cancer therapy, offering significant enhancements to traditional anticancer agents. Through a comprehensive exploration of recent advancements, this article navigates the complex terrain of anticancer cocrystals, drug-drug cocrystals, paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies and improved patient outcomes.