Two cases of Acute Lung Injury following closed space smoke inhalation

Abstract

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Acute clinical manifestations in toxic smoke inhalation victims: systematic review of observational studies

“…In addition, dyspnea may occur due to various reasons that vary depending on the gas that was inhaled as well as due to the decreased ambient oxygen concentration [23], the decrease of oxygen supply through binding to hemoglobin [24] or by the inhibition of cellular oxygenation, which causes tissue anoxia by inhibition of cytochrome oxidase enzymes [25]. Of the eight included studies, six presented dyspnea [15][16][17][19][20][21]. Only two did not demonstrate this manifestation [14,18].…”

“…The age of the patients with inhalation injuries ranged from 2 years to 81 years. Considering the gender of the patients, there was male predominance in five studies [14,15,17,18,21]. One study did not report the gender of the sample [16].…”

“…This review included observational studies (case study and case series) assessing the prevalence of acute clinical manifestations (in the first 24 hours) in victims Figure 1 -Flowchart for the studies identified for analysis According to their study design, four of the studies were case series [15,16,18,19] and the other studies were case studies [14,17,20,21]. Most selected studies described two cases [14,17,21] and one of them only one case study [20].…”

“…The most common acute clinical manifestations in victims of toxic smoke inhalation in closed environments were dyspnea (n = 137, 58.80%) [15][16][17][19][20][21], carbonaceous sputum (n = 127, 54.51%) [15,18,19,21], hoarseness (n = 93, 39.91%) [15,18,19], wheezing (n = 80, 34.33%) [15,[17][18][19]21] and sore throat (n = 79, 33.90%) [19,21]. Beside this, pulmonary edema and chest pain were reported with prevalence rates of 5.15% [14][15][16] and 13.30% [17,19,21], respectively. The lowest prevalence found in the included studies was of 5.15% and the highest was 58.80%.…”

“…The fire location differed among the studies. The study conducted by Cha et al [19] reported a fire accident in a subway station in the city of Daegu, South Korea; another study [21] described a fire accident onboard India Naval Submarine; the study conducted by Lee and O'Connell [16] reported an accident in a nightclub in the city of Dublin, Ireland. Another five studies [14,15,17,18,20] described a household fire accident.…”