“…Although photoionization dynamics have been measured in atoms (2,3,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12), molecules (13)(14)(15)(16)(17), clusters (18,19), solids (20)(21)(22), and liquids (23), no experiment could so far directly access the delays that are truly associated with one-photon ionization (24,25). Instead, all previously applied techniques leave an indelible, measurementinduced mark on the experimentally determined delays, which is referred to as Coulomb-laser-coupling or continuum-continuum (CC) delay (4,6).…”