Two Components of the Pineal Organ in the Mink(Mustela vison): Their Structural Similarity to Submammalian Pineal Complexes and Calcification.

Vígh, B.; Vigh-Teichmann, I.

doi:10.1679/aohc.55.477

Cited by 9 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…The number of calcium-rich layers in the human pineal were found to correlate with the age of the pineal in years. This periodicity suggests a connection between the calcification and the circannual changes in photoperiodical activity (Vígh and Vígh Teichmann, 1992b;Vígh et al, 1998).…”

Section: Calcium Ions In the Avian Pinealmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Instead, several autonomic fibers were seen to terminate near smooth muscle cells of pineal arterioles. Autonomic axons form vasomotor terminals on smooth muscle cells of pineal arterioles in mammals as well (Vígh and Vígh-Teichmann 1992b). We think that these vasomotor nerves may support the blood supply of the pineal tissue according to the different levels of light-dependent pineal cell activity.…”

Section: General Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Comparative ultrastructure and cytochemistry of the avian pineal organ

Fejér

Röhlich

Szél

et al. 2001

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The breeding of birds is expected to solve problems of nourishment for the growing human population. The function of the pineal organ synchronizing sexual activity and environmental light periods is important for successful reproduction. Comparative morphology of the avian pineal completes data furnished by experiments on some frequently used laboratory animals about the functional organization of the organ. According to comparative histological data, the pineal of vertebrates is originally a double organ (the "third" and the "fourth eye"). One of them often lies extracranially, perceiving direct solar radiation, and the other, located intracranially, is supposed to measure diffuse brightness of the environment. Birds have only a single pineal, presumably originating from the intracranial pineal of lower vertebrates. Developing from the epithalamus, the avian pineal organ histologically seems not to be a simple gland ("pineal gland") but a complex part of the brain composed of various pinealocytes and neurons that are embedded in an ependymal/glial network. In contrast to organs of "directional view" that develop large photoreceptor outer segments (retina, parietal pineal eye of reptiles) in order to decode two-dimensional images of the environment, the "densitometer"-like pineal organ seems to increase their photoreceptor membrane content by multiplying the number of photoreceptor perikarya and developing follicle-like foldings of its wall during evolution ("folded retina"). Photoreceptor membranes of avian pinealocytes can be stained by antibodies against various photoreceptor-specific compounds, among others, opsins, including pineal opsins. Photoreceptors immunoreacting with antibodies to chicken pinopsin were also found in the reptilian pineal organ. Similar to cones and rods representing the first neurons of the retina in the lateral eye, pinealocytes of birds possess an axonal effector process which terminates on the vascular surface of the organ as a neurohormonal ending, or forms ribbon-containing synapses on pineal neurons. Serotonin is detectable immunocytochemically on the granular vesicles accumulated in neurohormonal terminals. Pinealocytic perikarya and axon terminals also bind immunocytochemically recognizable excitatory amino acids. Peripheral autonomic fibers entering the pineal organ through its meningeal cover terminate near blood vessels. Being vasomotor fibers, they presumably regulate the blood supply of the pineal tissue according to the different levels of light-dependent pineal cell activity.

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Section: Calcium Ions In the Avian Pinealmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: General Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparative ultrastructure and cytochemistry of the avian pineal organ

Fejér

Röhlich

Szél

et al. 2001

Microscopy Res & Technique

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“…Acredita-se que os primeiros vertebrados possuíam quatro olhos: dois para captarem o reflexo da luz refletida por objetos do meio ambiente, localizados lateralmente, e os outros relacionados à pele, como "órgãos pineais primitivos", para captarem modificações de intensidade da luz solar. Deste modo, dois órgãos pineais formam um complexo pineal em alguns ciclóstomos, teleósteos, anuros e répteis, enquanto que em outros vertebrados eles são representados por única estrutura ou duas análogas, as quais se unem durante a ontogênese, como em humanos VIGH-TEICHMANN, 1992). Segundo Moller (1974), a ocorrência de duas pineais não foi registrada em nenhum mamífero adulto.…”

Section: Histórico Sobre a Glândula Pinealunclassified

“…Em martas, mamífero cuja pele é bastante valorizada, Vigh e Vigh-Teichmann (1992) relataram a existência de um complexo pineal ventralmente ao esplênio do corpo caloso, composto por uma parte dorsal e outra ventral, maior. Ambas são separadas e cobertas por prolongamentos das meninges encefálicas (aracnóide e pia-máter) e conectadas, individualmente, ao epitálamo.…”

Section: Aspectos Macroscópicos E Morfométricos Da Glândula Pineal Emunclassified

“…Ao contrário dos aspectos morfométricos, os quais são altamente dependentes da espécie abordada, as características microscópicas da glândula pineal obedecem, tanto nos eqüinos (COZZI, 1986;COZZI;FERRANDI, 1984b;PÉVET, 1979) quanto na maioria de outros mamíferos (CALVO et al, 1988;CARVALHO, 1997;GOMES, 2003;PÉVET, 1995;KARASEK;HANSEN 1982;REITER, 1973REITER, , 1984SILVINO, 1992SILVINO, , 1999VIGH-TEICHMANN, 1992), a um padrão com pequenas variações.…”

Section: Considerações Gerais Sobre Aspectos Histológicos Da Glândulaunclassified

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Avaliação morfo-quantitativa da glândula pineal de éguas em atividade reprodutiva e em anestro fisiológico

Resende¹

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Actual problems of the cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons

Vígh

Vigh-Teichmann

1998

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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133

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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)‐contacting neurons form a part of the circumventricular organs of the central nervous system. Represented by different cytologic types and located in different regions, they constitute a CSF‐contacting neuronal system, the most central periventricular ring of neurons in the brain organized concentrically according to our concept. Because the central nervous system of deuterostomian echinoderm starfishes and the prochordate lancelet is composed mainly of CSF‐contacting‐like neurons, we hypothesize that this cell type represents ancient cells, or protoneurons, in the vertebrate brain. Neurons may contact the ventricular CSF via their dendrites, axons, or perikarya. Most of the CSF‐contacting nerve cells send their dendritic processes into the ventricular cavity, where they form ciliated terminals. These ciliated endings resemble those of known sensory cells. By means of axons, the CSF‐contacting neurons also may contact the external CSF space, where the axons form terminals of neurohormonal type similar to those known in the neurohemal areas. The most simple CSF‐contacting neurons of vertebrates are present in the terminal filum, spinal cord, and oblongate medulla. The dendritic pole of these medullospinal CSF‐contacting neurons terminates with an enlargement bearing many stereocilia in the central canal. These cells are also supplied with a 9 × 2 + 2 kinocilium that may contact Reissner's fiber, the condensed secretory material of the subcommissural organ. The Reissner's fiber floating freely in the CSF leaves the central canal at the caudal open end of the terminal filum in lower vertebrates, and open communication is thus established between internal CSF and the surrounding tissue spaces. Resembling mechanoreceptors cytologically, the spinal CSF‐contacting neurons send their axons to the outer surface of the spinal cord to form neurosecretory‐type terminals. They also send collaterals to local neurons and to higher spinal segments. In the hypothalamic part of the diencephalon, neurons of two circumventricular organs, the paraventricular organ and the vascular sac, of the magnocellular neurosecretory nuclei and several parvocellular nuclei, form CSF‐contacting dendritic terminals. A CSF‐contacting neuronal area also was found in the telencephalon. The CSF‐contacting dendrites of all these areas bear solitary 9 × 2 + 0 cilia and resemble chemoreceptors and developing photoreceptors cytologically. In electrophysiological experiments, the neurons of the paraventricular organ are highly sensitive to the composition of the ventricular CSF. The axons of the CSF‐contacting neurons of the paraventricular organ and hypothalamic nuclei terminate in hypothalamic synaptic zones, and those of magno‐ and parvocellular neurosecretory nuclei also form neurohormonal terminals in the median eminence and neurohypophysis. The axons of the CSF‐contacting neurons of the vascular sac run in the nervus and tractus sacci vasculosi to the nucleus (ganglion) sacci vasculosi. Some hypothalamic CSF‐contacti...

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Two Components of the Pineal Organ in the Mink(Mustela vison): Their Structural Similarity to Submammalian Pineal Complexes and Calcification.

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

Comparative ultrastructure and cytochemistry of the avian pineal organ

Comparative ultrastructure and cytochemistry of the avian pineal organ

Avaliação morfo-quantitativa da glândula pineal de éguas em atividade reprodutiva e em anestro fisiológico

Actual problems of the cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons

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