Two-dimensional clinorotation influences cellular morphology, cytoskeleton and secretion of MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cells

Xu, Huiyun; Wu, Jiawei; Weng, Yuanyuan; Zhang, Jian; Shang, Peng

doi:10.2478/s11756-011-0161-8

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…(Dallas et al 2013). MLO-Y4 experienced 2D-clinostat treatment secrets less NO, but more PGE2 and M-CSF (Xu et al 2012a). Interestingly, if osteocytes are pretreated with SM by 2D-Clinastat, the response of osteocytes to fluid flow stress is decreased with reduced production of NO and PGE2 ).…”

Section: Osteocytementioning

confidence: 89%

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Responds of Bone Cells to Microgravity: Ground-Based Research

Zhang

et al. 2015

Microgravity Sci. Technol.

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Severe loss of bone occurs due to long-duration spaceflight. Mechanical loading stimulates bone formation, while bone degradation happens under mechanical unloading. Bone remodeling is a dynamic process in which bone formation and bone resorption are tightly coupled. Increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation caused by reduced mechanical loading, generally result in disrupted bone remodeling. Bone remodeling is orchestrated by multiple bone cells including osteoblast, osteocyte, osteoclast and mesenchymal stem cell. It is yet not clear that how these bone cells sense altered gravity, translate physical stimulus into biochemical signals, and then regulate themselves structurally and functionally. In this paper, studies elucidating the bioeffects of microgravity on bone cells (osteoblast, osteocyte, osteoclast, mesenchymal stem cell) using various platforms including spaceflight and ground-based simulated microgravity were summarized. Promising gravitysensitive signaling pathways and protein molecules were proposed.

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Section: Osteocytementioning

confidence: 89%

“…F-actin is destroyed and formed punctate spots across the cell. In spite of that, the apoptosis is not induced (Xu et al 2012a). …”

Section: Osteocytementioning

confidence: 92%

Responds of Bone Cells to Microgravity: Ground-Based Research

Zhang

et al. 2015

Microgravity Sci. Technol.

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“…15 Twenty-four hours of clinorotation culture using 2D clinostat affects the number of dendrites/cell, cytoskeleton distribution, and secretion of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 in MLO-Y4 cells. 11 HMGE produced by superconducting magnet has no lethal effects on MLO-Y4. Compared to control, diamagnetic levitation affected MLO-Y4 morphology, nucleus size, cytoskeleton architecture, and focal adhesion proteins distribution and expression.…”

Section: Osteocytementioning

confidence: 90%

“…1). These platforms include two-dimensional (2D) clinostat, 11 threedimensional (3D) clinostat, 12 random position machine (RPM), 13 rotating wall vessel (RWV), 14 parabolic flight 15 and diamagnetic levitation. 16 In addition, bed rest with about 6 head-down tilt is a simulation to cause the human deconditioning (d) High magneto-gravitational environment (HMGE) produced by superconducting magnet can provide an altered gravity environment from microgravity (g) to hypergravity (2g); (e) Hindlimb unloading model (rats); (f) A schematic view of 6 head-down bed rest for human; (g) Parabolic flights.…”

Section: The Platform Of Ground-based Simulated Microgravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Cells Under Microgravity

Shang

Zhang

Qian

et al. 2013

J. Mech. Med. Biol.

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Weightlessness environment (also microgravity) during the exploration of space is the major condition which must be faced by astronauts. One of the most serious adverse effects on astronauts is the weightlessness-induced bone loss due to the unbalanced bone remodeling. Bone remodeling of human beings has evolved during billions of years to make bone tissue adapt to the gravitational field of Earth (1g) and maintain skeleton structure to meet mechanical loading on Earth. However, under weightlessness environment the skeleton system no longer functions against the pull of gravity, so there is no necessity to keep bone strong enough to support the body's weight. Therefore, the balance of bone remodeling is disrupted and bone loss occurs, which is extremely deleterious to an astronaut's health during long-term spaceflight. Bone remodeling is mainly orchestrated by bone mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. Here, we review how these bone cells respond to microgravity environment.

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“…Therefore, researchers have utilized a variety of methods to simulate microgravity on Earth (Herranz et al, 2013a,b), such as parabolic airplanes (Di et al, 2011;Grosse et al, 2012;Zupanska et al, 2013), drop towers (Anken et al, 2006;Huang and Mao, 2013), 2-D clinostats (Shevchenko, 2012;Xu et al, 2012), and random positioning machines (RPM) (Borst and van Loon, 2009;van Loon, 2007). With the rapid development and wide application of superconducting technology, it is possible to generate a high static magnetic field and in recent years, diamagnetic levitation has been used to simulate real microgravity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%