Two-dimensional link-segment model of the forelimb of dogs at a walk

Nielsen, Cheri; Stover, Susan M.; Schulz, Kurt S.; Hubbard, Mont; Hawkins, David

doi:10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.609

Cited by 60 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This indicates that each breed has a characteristic pattern of movement, such flexion--extension, as discussed in this study, as the movements of adduction, abduction and rotation. Many studies about canine gait analysed dogs of different breeds, however, of the same size , Nielsen et al 2003.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The animal gait is visually evaluated to diagnose and monitor the progression of a disease, however it is a subjective and qualitative analyses, that is, imprecise (Harris 1994, Amadio 1996. It is used to characterize the articular movement in different specimens and breeds, and to compare the articular behaviour of dogs with muscles--skeletal affections and healthy dogs (Nielsen et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kinematic analysis of gait canine has been addressed by several authors (Poy et al 2000, Marsolais et al 2003, Nielsen et al 2003, Colborne et al 2005, Foss et al 2013, Torres et al 2013. However, none addresses the gait in golden retriever healthy dog.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinematic gait analyses in healthy Golden Retrievers

et al. 2014

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 34(12):1265-1270, dezembro 2014 1265 RESUMO.-[Análise cinemática da marcha de cães Golden Retriever saudáveis.] A análise cinemática relaciona--se com o movimento relativo entre corpos rígidos e encontra aplicação na análise da marcha e de outros movimentos do corpo. A interpretação de seus dados, quando há alteração, determina a escolha do tratamento a ser instituído. O objetivo deste estudo foi padronizar a marcha do cão Golden Retriever saudável visando auxiliar no diagnóstico e tratamento de afecções músculo esquelética. Neste estudo utilizou-se um sistema de análise cinemática para analisar a marcha de sete cães da raça Golden Retriever, fêmeas, idade entre 2 e 4 anos, peso variando de 21.5 a 28 kg, clinicamente sadias. Dados morfométricos foram coletados para descrever a população estudada. Variáveis de tempo e distâncias foram mensuradas para descrever a marcha, movimentos de flexão e extensão foram descritos para as articulações do ombro, cubital, cárpica, do quadril, femorotibial e társica. A marcha foi caracterizada lateral e teve hipótese de normalidade aceita para todas as variáveis, exceto para o apoio de quadril e apoio de cúbito, considerando um grau de confiança de 95%, ou seja, nível de significância α = 0.05. As variações foram atribuídas ao deslocamento das tarjas durante o movimento e ao repetido número de avaliações. A análise cinemática provou ser um consistente método de avaliação do movimento durante a marcha canina e os dados obtidos podem ser utilizados no diagnóstico e na comparação em avaliações de marcha para outros estudos e tratamento de cães com afecções musculoesqueléticas. Kinematic analysis relates to the relative movement between rigid bodies and finds application in gait analysis and other body movements, interpretation of their data when there is change, determines the choice of treatment to be instituted. The objective of this study was to standardize the march of Dog Golden Retriever Healthy to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. We used a kinematic analysis system to analyse the gait of seven dogs Golden Retriever, female, aged between 2 and 4 years, weighing 21.5 to 28 kg, clinically normal. Flexion and extension were described for shoulder, elbow, carpal, hip, femorotibialis and tarsal joints. The gait was characterized lateral and had accepted hypothesis of normality for all variables, except for the stance of hip and elbow, considering a confidence level of 95%, significance level α = 0.05. Variations have been attributed to displacement of the stripes during movement and the duplicated number of reviews. The kinematic analysis proved to be a consistent method of evaluation of the movement during canine gait and the data can be used in the diagnosis and evaluation of canine gait in comparison to other studies and treatment of dogs with musculoskeletal disorders. Kinematic gait analyses in healthy Golden

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinematic gait analyses in healthy Golden Retrievers

et al. 2014

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“…This results in negligible mediolateral forces during locomotion in most quadrupeds (Riggs et al, 1993;Nielsen et al, 2003;Parchman et al, 2003;Walter and Carrier, 2007;Corbee et al, 2014). Because of this, the majority of locomotion studies have focused on parasagittal motion and not forces or movement in the frontal plane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This includes the production of extensor moments at the scapulohumeral, elbow and wrist joints (Clayton et al, 2000;Witte et al, 2002;Nielsen et al, 2003). Power profiles across the joints of the forelimb do vary across species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) locomotion: forelimb joint mechanics across speed in the sagittal and frontal planes

Shine

Robbins

Nelson

et al. 2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The majority of terrestrial locomotion studies have focused on parasagittal motion and paid less attention to forces or movement in the frontal plane. Our previous research has shown that grizzly bears produce higher medial ground reaction forces (lateral pushing from the animal) than would be expected for an upright mammal, suggesting frontal plane movement may be an important aspect of their locomotion. To examine this, we conducted an inverse dynamics analysis in the sagittal and frontal planes, using ground reaction forces and position data from three high-speed cameras of four adult female grizzly bears. Over the speed range collected, the bears used walks, running walks and canters. The scapulohumeral joint, wrist and the limb overall absorb energy (average total net work of the forelimb joints, −0.97 W kg −1). The scapulohumeral joint, elbow and total net work of the forelimb joints have negative relationships with speed, resulting in more energy absorbed by the forelimb at higher speeds (running walks and canters). The net joint moment and power curves maintain similar patterns across speed as in previously studied species, suggesting grizzly bears maintain similar joint dynamics to other mammalian quadrupeds. There is no significant relationship with net work and speed at any joint in the frontal plane. The total net work of the forelimb joints in the frontal plane was not significantly different from zero, suggesting that, despite the high medial ground reaction forces, the forelimb acts as a strut in that plane.

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Biomechanical Considerations in Total Elbow Development

Meulen¹

2012

Advances in Small Animal Total Joint Replacement

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Two-dimensional link-segment model of the forelimb of dogs at a walk

Cited by 60 publications

References 32 publications

Kinematic gait analyses in healthy Golden Retrievers

Kinematic gait analyses in healthy Golden Retrievers

Grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) locomotion: forelimb joint mechanics across speed in the sagittal and frontal planes

Biomechanical Considerations in Total Elbow Development

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