Two-dimensional nanomaterials beyond graphene for antibacterial applications: current progress and future perspectives

Abstract

The marked augment of drug-resistance to traditional antibiotics underlines the crying need for novel replaceable antibacterials. Research advances have revealed the considerable sterilization potential of two-dimension graphene-based nanomaterials. Subsequently, two-dimensional nanomaterials beyond graphene (2D NBG) as novel antibacterials have also demonstrated their power for disinfection due to their unique physicochemical properties and good biocompatibility. Therefore, the exploration of antibacterial mechanisms of 2D NBG is vital to manipulate antibacterials for future applications. Herein, we summarize the recent research progress of 2D NBG-based antibacterial agents, starting with a detailed introduction of the relevant antibacterial mechanisms, including direct contact destruction, oxidative stress, photo-induced antibacterial, control drug/metallic ions releasing, and the multi-mode synergistic antibacterial. Then, the effect of the physicochemical properties of 2D NBG on their antibacterial activities is also discussed. Additionally, a summary of the different kinds of 2D NBG is given, such as transition-metal dichalcogenides/oxides, metal-based compounds, nitride-based nanomaterials, black phosphorus, transition metal carbides, and nitrides. Finally, we rationally analyze the current challenges and new perspectives for future study of more effective antibacterial agents. This review not only can help researchers grasp the current status of 2D NBG antibacterials, but also may catalyze breakthroughs in this fast-growing field.

In Situ Fabrication of Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles/2D MOFs Hybrid as Nanozyme for Antibacterial Therapy

“…[ 4–9 ] These antibacterial materials could react with biomolecules of bacteria and alter their structure and thus affect the function of the bacteria, eventually leading to the bacterial death. [ 10,11 ] Although the abovementioned antibacterial materials have shown great potential as alternative antibiotics, further clinical use is still constrained due to their potential biotoxicity and low antibacterial efficiency. Hence, the exploration of nanomaterial‐based antibacterial nanoagents with low biotoxicity and high antibacterial activity is greatly demanded.…”

Interactions Between 2D Materials and Living Matter: A Review on Graphene and Hexagonal Boron Nitride Coatings

“…The antibacterial activity of graphene-containing composites has also been investigated ( Zhao et al, 2016 ). The antibacterial mechanisms exhibited by graphene and GBMs are commonly found in other 2DMs as well ( Mei et al, 2020 ). Contrarily to most existing works in literature, in this review we focus primarily on pristine graphene coatings.…”

Smart and Sustainable Nanotechnological Solutions in a Battle against COVID-19 and Beyond: A Critical Review

“…Among other 2D nanomaterials, carbon-based nanostructures proved their efficiency in both bacteria and virus elimination. 87 Several advanced nanotechnological solutions that involve GFMs were developed during the previous years that may be extended against COVID-19. 88 A recent study considered the antiviral action of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) toward the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and pseudorabies virus (PRV).…”

“…The considered nanosolutions for the manufacturing of innovative personal protective equipment (including face masks) may further include 2D materials. 87 Due to large recognizability, the first proposed solution involved graphene and its related materials. Graphene-based face masks offer features such as washability, reusability, and antistatic properties (repelling airborne particles), as well as bacteria and virus resistance.…”