Two Erysiphe species associated with recent outbreak of soybean powdery mildew: results of molecular phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear rDNA sequences

Takamatsu, Susumu; Taguchi, Yusuke; Shin, Hyeon‐Dong; Paksiri, Urailak; Limkaisang, Saranya; Binh, Nguyen Thi; Sato, Yukio

doi:10.1007/s102670200049

Cited by 37 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The ITS sequence of the powdery mildew from wild soybean (deposited with GenBank as FJ378880) had 20 base pair differences (including one-base deletion) from the lentil powdery mildew sequence, and was identical to 21 GenBank sequence accessions (e.g., EF196675 and AB078800) deposited as E. diffusa or Oidium sp. from soybean and lupine from Brazil, Korea, Japan, and the United States (2,30).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Erysiphe trifolii Causing Powdery Mildew of Lentil (Lens culinaris)

et al. 2009

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The taxonomy of the powdery mildew fungus infecting lentil in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) of the United States was investigated on the basis of morphology and rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. Anamorphic characters were in close agreement with descriptions of Erysiphe trifolii. However, teleomorphs formed chasmothecial appendages with highly branched apices, whereas E. trifolii has been described as producing flexuous or sometimes loosely branched appendages. Branched appendages have been described in Erysiphe diffusa, a fungus reported from species of Lens, Glycine, and Sophora, raising the possibility that the PNW fungus could be E. diffusa. Examination of morphological characters of an authentic specimen of E. trifolii from Austria determined that it included chasmothecial appendages resembling those seen in PNW specimens. Furthermore, ITS sequences from five powdery mildew samples collected from lentils in PNW greenhouses and fields from 2006 to 2008 were identical to one another, and exhibited higher similarity to sequences of E. trifolii (99%) than to those of any other Erysiphe spp. available in GenBank. Parsimony analysis grouped the lentil powdery mildew into a clade with Erysiphe baeumleri, E. trifolii, and E. trifolii–like Oidium sp., but indicated a more distant relationship to E. diffusa. In greenhouse inoculation studies, the lentil powdery mildew fungus did not infect soybean genotypes known to be susceptible to E. diffusa. The pathogenicity of E. trifolii on lentil was confirmed using modified Koch's postulates. This is the first report of E. trifolii infecting lentil. E. diffusa and E. trifolii have different host ranges, so the discovery of E. trifolii on lentil has implications both for determining species of powdery mildews on cool-season grain legumes, and in disease management.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Table 2). One sequence (AB078807) of E. glycine was used as an outgroup according to Takamatsu et al (30). Sequences were aligned using the ClustalW program (19).…”

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Erysiphe trifolii Causing Powdery Mildew of Lentil (Lens culinaris)

et al. 2009

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“…During the past 10 to 15 years, molecular markers, mainly nrDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences, have commonly been used for such purposes (6,(16)(17)(18)28,33,34), and these could be useful in this particular case, as well, because the ITS sequences of R leucotricha and P. pannosa differ in more than 30 nucleotide positions (5).…”

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Peach Rusty Spot Is Caused by the Apple Powdery Mildew Fungus, Podosphaera leucotricha

et al. 2011

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Jankovics, T, Dolovac, N., Bulajic, A., Krstic, B., Pascal, T, Bardin, M., Nicot, P C, and Kiss, L. 2011. Peach msty spot is caused by the apple powdery mildew fungus, Podosphaera leucotricha. Plant Dis. 95:719-724.Peach rusty spot, an economically important disease of peach (Prunus pérsica var. pérsica), appears as necrotic spots on fruit. The etiology of the disease is still not well understood, although it has long been suspected that the causal agent is the apple powdery mildew pathogen, Podosphaera leucotricha. This work confirmed this hypothesis based on cross-inoculation experiments and analysis of rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequences polymerase chain reaction amplified from rusty spot and peach powdery tnildew lesions. Cross-inoculations of apple and peach leaves with P. leucotricha and P. panno.sa, the causal agent of peach powdery mildew, showed that (i) young peach fruit, up to 5 cm in diameter, developed symptoms typical of rusty spot following inoculation with P. leucotricha: (ii) leaves of 'Jonagold' apple seedlings developed powdery mildew infections when inoculated by touching young rusty spot lesions to their surfaces; (iii) P. leucotricha sporulated on young peach fruit up to 5 cm in diameter; and (iv) peach leaves and young shoots were not susceptible to P. leucotricha, whereas P. pannosa infected all the green parts of peach. A field experiment revealed that there was only a 2-to 3-week period of time during early peach fruit development when the epidermis was susceptible to P. leucotricha. An outcome of this study is that now a clear distinction can be made between the symptoms caused by P. pannosa and P. leucotricha on peach.

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“…Identification of anamorphic species of the Erysiphales using light microscopy is, however, often less reliable than identification of the teleomorph stage (8,32). Molecular tools, in particular the analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA), were useful in the precise identification of a large number of powdery mildew anamorphs (6,7,11,12,14,22,27,33,34). Thus, we supplemented our work with ITS sequence analyses to confirm the identity of O. longipes in the United States and also to investigate its phylogenetic relationship with some other powdery mildew pathogens.…”

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Oidium longipes, A New Powdery Mildew Fungus on Petunia in the USA: A Potential Threat to Ornamental and Vegetable Solanaceous Crops

et al. 2008

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This is the first North American report of Oidium longipes, an anamorphic powdery mildew species described recently in Europe. It was found on vegetatively propagated petunia grown in a commercial greenhouse in New Jersey, USA, where it caused a rapidly spreading disease. The pathogen might have originated offshore and may have already been distributed in the United States through horticultural trade. During field surveys in Europe, it was found on petunia in Hungary and Austria as well; this is the first report of O. longipes from these two countries. A detailed light microscopy study of American and European specimens of O. longipes, including freshly collected samples and authentic herbarium specimens, revealed that its conidiophore morphology is more variable than illustrated in the original species description or in subsequent works. Microcycle conidiation, a process not yet known to occur in powdery mildews, was repeatedly observed in O. longipes. The rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences were identical in colonies containing different conidiophore types as well as in a total of five specimens collected from petunia in the United States, Austria, Hungary, Germany, and Switzerland. A phylogenetic analysis of the ITS sequences revealed that the closest known relative of O. longipes is O. lycopersici, known to infect tomato only in Australia. Cross-inoculation tests showed that O. longipes from petunia heavily infected tobacco cv. Xanthi, while the tomato and eggplant cultivars tested were moderately susceptible to this pathogen. These results indicate that its spread represents a potential danger to a number of solanaceous crops. Our ad hoc field surveys conducted in 2006 and 2007 did not detect it outside New Jersey in the United States; all the other powdery mildew–infected petunias, collected in New York and Indiana, were infected by Podosphaera xanthii. In Europe, most of the powdery mildew–infected petunias examined in this study were infected by P. xanthii or Golovinomyces orontii. Our multiple inoculation tests revealed that the same petunia plants and even the same leaves can be infected concomitantly by O. longipes, O. neolycopersici, G. orontii, and P. xanthii. Thus, it is at present unclear to what extent O. longipes contributes to the powdery mildew epidemics that develop year after year on solanaceous plants in many parts of the world.

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Two Erysiphe species associated with recent outbreak of soybean powdery mildew: results of molecular phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear rDNA sequences

Abstract: mildew in the United States, because the ITS sequences are identical to those from materials collected in the United States. However, we need materials having ascomata of E. diffusa to confirm the species name.

Cited by 37 publications

References 23 publications

Erysiphe trifolii Causing Powdery Mildew of Lentil (Lens culinaris)

Erysiphe trifolii Causing Powdery Mildew of Lentil (Lens culinaris)

Peach Rusty Spot Is Caused by the Apple Powdery Mildew Fungus, Podosphaera leucotricha

Oidium longipes, A New Powdery Mildew Fungus on Petunia in the USA: A Potential Threat to Ornamental and Vegetable Solanaceous Crops

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