Two-Lane Highways: Indispensable Rural Mobility

Al-Kaisy, Ahmed

doi:10.3390/encyclopedia2010042

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Two-lane highways are a crucial part of the road network in many countries and are widely used for both systematic and non-systematic daily travel. Often, these roads make up the most extensive sub-network in a country’s transportation system, enabling higher-level infrastructures, such as freeways, railways, ports, and airports, to be reached even in the most remote areas [ 1 ]. As urbanization spreads and traffic demand increases, two-lane highways face new challenges that require innovative and cost-effective solutions to improve operational and safety performance [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic Stream Analysis by Radar Sensors on Two-Lane Roads for Free-Moving and Constrained Vehicles Identification

Cantisani

Serrone

Mauro

et al. 2023

Sensors

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This paper focuses on the analysis of traffic streams on two-lane highways, which are crucial components of transportation networks. Traffic flow measurement technologies, such as detection stations, radar guns, or video cameras, have been used over the years to detect the level of traffic and the operating conditions. This type of sensor can record a large amount of data which is useful to evaluate and monitor road traffic conditions, and it is possible to identify free-moving and constrained vehicles by processing the collected data. This study introduces an exponential headway model to identify the headway threshold above which vehicles can be considered as unconditioned. However, this value could identify vehicles which still retain some autonomy in their speed and maneuvering. Therefore, an additional criterion to distinguish between apparently and actually conditioned vehicles has been introduced, analyzing the speed differences between a vehicle and the preceding one. Three-month sequences of traffic monitored through radar devices placed on some Italian two-lane roads have been analyzed and an exponential headway model has been introduced, as an illustrative example. The results show that introducing the criterion of maneuvering freedom can significantly improve traffic flow analysis, modifying the starting critical values of 4 and 8 s per each studied section, to 2.5 and 3 s, approaching the values suggested by international manuals for traffic flow quality analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic Stream Analysis by Radar Sensors on Two-Lane Roads for Free-Moving and Constrained Vehicles Identification

Cantisani

Serrone

Mauro

et al. 2023

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Single-carriageway rural roads with just one lane per each travel direction have safety-and functionality-related issues in steep longitudinal slopes stretches [1,2]. Different vehicles with different performance properties, depending on their power-to-weight ratio, result in various speeds along uphill grades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Climbing Lanes for Slow-Moving Vehicles When Riding Uphill: A Microsimulation Study

et al. 2023

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Long uphill stretches of single-carriageway rural roads with one lane per travel direction may reduce the Level of Service (LoS), due to the decreased speed of heavy vehicles. In those circumstances, a slowdown of traffic, resulting in the formation of platoons, may be generated due to the difficulty of performing overtaking maneuvers safely. To solve this critical issue, an additional (climbing) lane for slow vehicles may be included in the road platform. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of such climbing lanes in a real case in Italy (National Road n. 4 “Via Salaria”—around 44+000 km). Using a microsimulation model implemented in VISSIM, the study analyzes speeds and travel times, delays, and queuing waiting times, comparing the Actual Scenario (AS) without climbing lanes, with two counterfactual scenarios: the first one (CS1) with three stretches of climbing lanes, and the second one (CS2), with just two stretches, in which the first two additional lanes of CS1 are merged together. The obtained results confirm the effectiveness of installing climbing lanes on road sections with the described characteristics, and the potential of microsimulation models also to carry out such kind of evaluations.

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“…Two-lane roads make up the majority of road networks, encompassing both urban and suburban areas. In fact, the quantity of these roads surpasses that of any other road type, not only in the United States but also in numerous countries worldwide [1]. According to the report of Road Maintenance and Transportation Organization [2,3], about 29% of the roads in Iran are two-way roads.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platoon-Based Assessment of Two-Way Two-Lane Roads Performance Measure: A Classification Method

Samadi

Aghayan

Nasiri

et al. 2023

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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Two-way two-lane roads have a significant impact on road transportation infrastructure. Platoon formation on two-lane roads is one of the factors that affect the quality of traffic flow on two-lane roads. More specifically, the creation of a platoon increases the density of vehicles and the number of overtaking maneuvers and decreases the traffic performance of two-lane roads. The present study made an effort to investigate the effect of the platoon characteristics on the traffic flow of vehicles on two-lane roads. Moreover, it strived to develop the nonlinear regression model with a new approach to capacity calculation. Finally, a method for estimating the level of service (LOS) based on the number of followers per capacity (NFPC) and LOS classification using the KNN method was presented. Considering these aims, first, the relevant variables (which were related to platoon) including time headway (Ht), average travel speed (ATS), platoon size (PS), average platoon speed (APS), percentage of heavy vehicles (HV), percent time spent following (PTSF), number of overtaking (NO), density (ρ), and traffic flow were investigated on the examined roads. The results showed that the speed and the Ht were the most effective and the least effective platoon characteristics, respectively. Moreover, it was accompanied by the increase in PTSF which resulted in the increase in overtaking maneuver. Finally, the results regarding the developed model showed that the NFPC measure was able to predict the traffic flow of two-lane roads in a more satisfactory way compared to the two criteria, namely, PTSF and ATS in the Highway Capacity Manual (2016) since it increased ATS by 65% and decreased the capacity of two-lane roads by 21%.

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Two-Lane Highways: Indispensable Rural Mobility

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Traffic Stream Analysis by Radar Sensors on Two-Lane Roads for Free-Moving and Constrained Vehicles Identification

Traffic Stream Analysis by Radar Sensors on Two-Lane Roads for Free-Moving and Constrained Vehicles Identification

Effectiveness of Climbing Lanes for Slow-Moving Vehicles When Riding Uphill: A Microsimulation Study

Platoon-Based Assessment of Two-Way Two-Lane Roads Performance Measure: A Classification Method

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