Two Levels Spondylolisthesis: A Rare Case Series

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:The term "Spondylolisthesis" refers to a condition where one of the vertebrae (usually L5) becomes misaligned anteriorly (slips forward) in relation to the vertebra below. This forward slippage is caused by a problem or defect within the pars interarticularis. Occasionally, facet joint and/or posterior neural arch defects may also cause this syndrome as well. We encountered 3 cases of two levels spondylolisthesis, a case series rarely documented. CASE REPORTS: Patient, Kanthaiah 5yrs male, presented with low backache radiating to left lower limb associated with tingling and numbness sensations. X-rays showed spondylolisthesis L4-L5-S1. MRI showed left sided nerve root compression and myelogram showed cut off at L4-L5, L5-S1. Patient had left sided deficits and so the patient was operated and post operatively improved clinically and was followed up regularly. Another patient Muniyamma, 68 yrs female, presented to our hospital 10 yrs back with two levels spondylolisthesis. In a outside hospital, posterior spinal decompression and interbody fusion was done without stabilization at only one level (L4-L5). On subsequent follow up the other level (L5-S1) worsened. Right now patient is not willing for any surgical intervention so we are managing with conservative treatment. Our third patient, Geetha 42yrs female, presented to our hospital with two levels spondylolisthesis, grade 2 at L3-L4 and L4-L5 levels. Patient was operated and has improved clinically. CONCLUSION: Incidence of spondylolisthesis is 3% to 6%. Multilevel spondylolisthesis is rarely documented in literature. This case series is being reported because of the rare documentation.