Two new ancient griffenflies (Insecta: Odonatoptera) from the Namurian of Ningxia, China

Youchong, Hong; Zhang, Zhijun; Ya, SU

doi:10.1163/187631212x624205

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…10, fig. 5; Su et al 2012). But in any case, this 'subnodal crossvein' is either opposite or just distal to the base of RP2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In Bechala, the 'subnodal crossvein' is far distal from the apex of ScP. In the other groups with a 'subnodal crossvein', the condition can greatly vary from a 'subnodal crossvein' in basal position relatively to apex of ScP (in Sinierasiptera Zhang et al, 2012, in Su et al, 2012, type genus of the monospecific family Sinierasipteridae, and the tupine Arctotypus gallicus Nel et al, 2009 or Arctotypus merifonsensis Nel et al, 2009), opposite this apex (in the meganeurine Gilsonia titana Meunier, 1909), or in distal position relatively to it (in Meganeura monyi (Brongniart 1884), and in the tupine Gallotupus oudardi Nel et al, 2008 andTupus gallicus Nel et al, 2009) (see Nel et al 2008Nel et al , 2009 fig. 2, pl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bechala sommeri Ilger & Brauckmann, 2012 enlightens the Namurian griffenfly diversity (Insecta: Odonatoptera: Bechalidae)

et al. 2012

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Bechala sommeri Ilger & Brauckmann, 2012, the type species of the type genus of the early Late Carboniferous (Namurian) family Bechalidae Ilger & Brauckmann, 2012, is redescribed. It does not belong to the order Megasecoptera as previously proposed. The taxon is clearly attributable to Odonatoptera for the typical venation characters as CuA separating from MP obliquely, a true arculus with concave RP and convex MA emerging from a composite vein R+MA, short ScP, and presence of convex intercalaries IR2 and IR1 between the main branches of RP3/4, RP2 and RP1. We transfer this taxon with the monospecific family Bechalidae to Odonatoptera. A new diagnosis is given for Bechalidae and its type genus Bechala. Furthermore, the presence of an oblique subnodal crossvein very far from the ending of ScP and close to the base of RP2 confirms the hypothesis that the subnodus is a structure originally independent of the nodus with a different function in relation to wing tracheation. The Bechalidae are included in a clade (Meganeuridae-Sinierasipteridae-Bechalidae-Lapeyridae-Nodialata), in contrast to a sister group relationships between the two clades Meganisoptera (=Namurotypidae-Paralogidae-KargalotypidaeKohlwaldiidae-Meganeuridae) and Odonatoclada (=Lapeyridae-Nodialata), while the potential relationships between the Campylopteridae and the Lapeyridae and Nodialata are rejected. Bechala represents a 'damselfly-like' ecological niche in the Namurian, showing the high diversity of the earliest known Odonatoptera, strongly suggesting an Early Carboniferous, if not Late Devonian age for this pterygote clade.

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“…10, fig. 5; Su et al 2012). But in any case, this 'subnodal crossvein' is either opposite or just distal to the base of RP2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bechala sommeri Ilger & Brauckmann, 2012 enlightens the Namurian griffenfly diversity (Insecta: Odonatoptera: Bechalidae)

et al. 2012

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“…A landmark in this debate was the proposal made by Tillyard (1925b), who, at that time, had adopted the view that the insect wing venation ground plan is composed of a number of primary veins sharing the same branching pattern, specifically a convex, anterior branch and a concave, posterior one, also known as the serial ground plan (Lameere, 1922(Lameere, , 1923contrast with Tillyard, 1925a, in ogy, he used previously). It is relevant to first emphasize that even though Tillyard (1925b, p. 42) stressed that Protodonata (including, in his opinion, Meganeuridae and a few other species) and Odonata were two clearly distinct taxa, he also stated that MP and CuA (his Cu 1 ) were not only present as free veins beyond the wing base in Meganeuridae but also in species he regarded as stem Zygoptera, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The key point in Tillyard's thesis from 1925 (Tillyard, 1925b) is the presumed loss of MP and CuA as free veins, beyond the wing base. He derived this view from the study of a remarkable specimen of a Meganeura-like species composed of a negative imprint of a hindwing recovered from Elmo (Kansas, USA; Wellington Formation; Artinskian, early Permian; Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Owing to its combination of character states and its large size, it composes a remarkable addition to the group. (a, d) interpretative drawing, conjectures of primary homology according to Tillyard (1925b) (in d, broad red arrow indicates the location of the distinct MP allegedly observed by Tillyard); (b, e) photograph (dry, flipped horizontally); (c, f) interpretative drawing, conjectures of primary homology according to Riek and Kukalová-Peck (1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A unique, large-sized stem Odonata (Insecta) found in the early Pennsylvanian of New Brunswick (Canada)

Béthoux¹,

Norrad²,

Stimson

et al. 2021

Foss. Rec.

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Abstract. A stem relative of dragon- and damselflies, Brunellopteron norradi Béthoux, Deregnaucourt and Norrad gen. et sp. nov., is documented based on a specimen found at Robertson Point (Grand Lake, New Brunswick, Canada; Sunbury Creek Formation; early Moscovian, Pennsylvanian) and preserving the basal half of a hindwing. A comparative analysis of the evolution of wing venation in early odonates demonstrates that it belongs to a still poorly documented subset of species. Specifically, it displays a MP + CuA fusion, a CuA + CuP fusion, and a CuP + AA fusion, but it lacks the “extended” MP + Cu / CuA fusion and the “extended” (CuP / CuA + CuP) + AA fusion, the occurrence of which is typical of most Odonata, including Meganeura-like species. The occurrence of intercalary veins suggests that its closest relative might be Gallotypus oudardi Nel, Garrouste and Roques, 2008, from the Moscovian of northern France.

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Early Pennsylvanian Odonatoptera from the Xiaheyan locality (Ningxia, China): new material, taxa, and perspectives

Béthoux²,

Pang

et al. 2013

Fossil Record

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Data on Odonatoptera species from the Xiaheyan locality (Ningxia, China; Early Pennsylvanian) described so far are complemented based on abundant new material. Several taxonomic and nomenclatural adjustments are proposed. The species Tupus readi Carpenter, 1933 is transferred to the genus Shenzhousia Zhang & Hong, 2006 in Zhang et al. (2006), and therefore should be referred to as Shenzhousia readi (Carpenter, 1933) n. comb. The monotypic genus Sinomeganeura Ren et al., 2008 is synonymized with Oligotypus Carpenter, 1931. As a consequence the type species of the former must be referred to as Oligotypus huangheensis (Ren et al., 2008) n. comb. The monotypic genus Paragilsonia Zhang, Hong & Su, 2012 in Su et al. (2012) is synonymized with Tupus Sellards, 1906. As a consequence the type‐species of the former is to be referred to as Tupus orientalis (Zhang, Hong & Su, 2012 in Su et al. (2012)) n. comb. The monotypic genus Sinierasiptera Zhang, Hong & Su, 2012 in Su et al. (2012) is synonymized with Erasipterella Brauckmann, 1983. As a consequence the type‐species of the former is to be referred to as Erasipterella jini (Zhang, Hong & Su, 2012 in Su et al. (2012)) n. comb. In addition Aseripterella sinensis n. gen. et sp. and Sylphalula laliquei n. gen. et sp. are described. The ‘strong oblique distal' cross‐vein, located in the area between RA and RP is found to occur more extensively than previously expected. It is believed to be a structure distinct from the subnodal cross‐vein, and therefore deserves to be referred to by a distinct name (viz. ‘postsubnodal cross‐vein'). Odonatoptera from the Xiaheyan locality cover a broad range of sizes. Factors that could have promoted the evolution of large‐sized Odonatoptera are briefly reviewed. The permissive conditions prevailing during the Pennsylvanian, and the existence of an elaborated food web, are emphasized as putative positive factors. The new taxonomic treatment suggests that genera documented in the Lower Permian, such as Shenzhousia and Oligotypus, stem from the early Pennsylvanian, and implies a high resilience of these taxa when facing the Pennsylvanian–Permian environmental perturbations. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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Two new ancient griffenflies (Insecta: Odonatoptera) from the Namurian of Ningxia, China

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Bechala sommeri Ilger & Brauckmann, 2012 enlightens the Namurian griffenfly diversity (Insecta: Odonatoptera: Bechalidae)

Bechala sommeri Ilger & Brauckmann, 2012 enlightens the Namurian griffenfly diversity (Insecta: Odonatoptera: Bechalidae)

A unique, large-sized stem Odonata (Insecta) found in the early Pennsylvanian of New Brunswick (Canada)

Early Pennsylvanian Odonatoptera from the Xiaheyan locality (Ningxia, China): new material, taxa, and perspectives

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