Two new Hyphessobrycon (Characiformes: Characidae) species from Central Amazon basin, Brazil

Abstract

Two new species of Hyphessobrycon, H. ericae and H. wosiackii, are described from the Amazon basin, Brazil. Both new species are distinguished from congeners by the coloration, composed by one humeral blotch merging with an anterior dark band restricted to the anterior portion of the body and the presence of a caudal peduncle blotch. Hyphessobrycon ericae is distinguished from H. wosiackii by presenting a humeral spot vertically elongated, with an overall appearance of an arrow, instead of an anteriorly rounded humeral spot.

A new species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin from northeastern Brazil: evidence from morphological data and DNA barcoding (Characiformes, Characidae)

“…Despite Hyphessobrycon , as defined today, being a non-monophyletic group (Mirande 2010, Oliveira et al 2011, Carvalho et al 2017, Ohara et al 2017, Moreira and Lima 2017), a few putative groups within the genus were proposed in the literature. One such case is the Hyphessobrycon sensu stricto as defined by Carvalho (2011) and Cavalho and Malabarba (2015).…”

“…It is widely distributed along the river basins of the Neotropical region, from southern Mexico to the La Plata River basin in northeastern Argentina (Carvalho and Malabarba 2015, Teixeira et al 2015, Garcia-Alzate et al 2017), with highest diversity in the Amazon basin (Miquelarena and López 2006, Lima et al 2013, Bragança et al 2015, Carvalho and Malabarba 2015, Marinho et al 2016, Carvalho et al 2017, Moreira and Lima 2017). …”

“…Extensive data show that Hyphessobrycon is not a monophyletic group (Carvalho et al 2017, Moreira and Lima 2017). It was diagnosed by an artificial combination of character states proposed by Eigenmann (1917), such as: the presence of an adipose fin; maxillary with few teeth or none; lateral line incomplete; third infraorbital bone not in contact with the sensory canal of the preopercle; premaxillary with two series of teeth; and caudal-fin lobes without scales at the base.…”

“…It was diagnosed by an artificial combination of character states proposed by Eigenmann (1917), such as: the presence of an adipose fin; maxillary with few teeth or none; lateral line incomplete; third infraorbital bone not in contact with the sensory canal of the preopercle; premaxillary with two series of teeth; and caudal-fin lobes without scales at the base. Nevertheless, new species descriptions continue to follow this artificial combination (e.g., Ohara et al 2017, Garcia-Alzate et al 2017, Carvalho et al 2017, Moreira and Lima 2017). …”

A new Hemigrammus from the upper Río Vaupés, Colombia (Characiformes: Characidae), with a discussion on the presence of an enlarged urogenital papilla in the family

“…heterorhabdus group, and Lima et al . () and Moreira and Lima () provided a more recent (although still not demonstrably monophyletic) definition of the group. Hemigrammus ataktos is similar in colour pattern to Hyphessobrycon species that presents a complete midlateral stripe, i.e ., Hy.…”