Two-photon Absorbing Photonic Materials: From Fundamentals to Applications

Belfield, Kevin D.; Yao, Sheng; Bondar, Mykhailo V.

doi:10.1007/12_2007_126

Cited by 71 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(162 reference statements)

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“…The TPA rate displays a quadratic dependence on light intensity, which provides high spatial resolution and low light scattering, because of the nonlinear nature of the process and use of longer wavelengths. These features have impelled TPA to be used in several technological applications, such as optical limiting, TPA fluorescence microscopy, optical data storage, photodynamic therapy, and TPA polymerization [34]- [36].…”

Section: B Two-photon Absorption Polymerization Microfabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond Laser in Polymeric Materials: Microfabrication of Doped Structures and Micromachining

Corrêa

Cardoso

Tribuzi

et al. 2012

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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The use of laser light to modify the material's surface or bulk as well as to induce changes in the volume through a chemical reaction has received great attention in the last few years, due to the possibility of tailoring the material's properties aiming at technological applications. Here, we report on recent progress of microstructuring and microfabrication in polymeric materials by using femtosecond lasers. In the first part, we describe how polymeric materials' micromachining, either on the surface or bulk, can be employed to change their optical and chemical properties promising for fabricating waveguides, resonators, and selfcleaning surfaces. In the second part, we discuss how two-photon absorption polymerization can be used to fabricate active microstructures by doping the basic resin with molecules presenting biological and optical properties of interest. Such microstructures can be used to fabricate devices with applications in optics, such as microLED, waveguides, and also in medicine, such as scaffolds for tissue growth.Index Terms-Laser ablation, laser excitation, laser material processing applications, optical polymers, two-photon absorption (TPA).

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Section: B Two-photon Absorption Polymerization Microfabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond Laser in Polymeric Materials: Microfabrication of Doped Structures and Micromachining

Corrêa

Cardoso

Tribuzi

et al. 2012

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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“…[10] In this spirit, p-macrocyclicd yes based on porphyrin cores have been widely studied as 2PAc andidates. [11] An alternative to the Hückel-aromatic 18-p-electron C 16 N 2 circuits of the squareshaped heteropentacyclic porphyrins is the 18-p z -electron C 18 circuit of the hexagon-shaped all-carbon macrocyclic carbobenzenes. [12] Beyond the topological analogy,p orphyrins and carbo-benzenes were shown to exhibit as trong analogy after Gouterman'sf our-orbital model for their one-photon absorption (1PA) spectra.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, alkyl-substituted fluorenyl groups have been widely used as weak donor substituents in D-(p-A)-p-D systems, because of their intrinsic physicochemical properties such as high fluorescenceq uantumy ield and pronounced optical nonlinearities. [18] p-Difluorenyl carbo-benzenes weret hus envisaged. The proposed targets 3a and 3b (Scheme 1) differ in their extento fc onjugation:t he fluorenyl groups are connected to the carbo-benzenec ore by CÀCs ingle bonds in 3a and CÀCCÀCe xpanders in 3b.I nt his work, the synthesis, spectroscopic and structural characteristics, and 2PAo ptical properties of these chromophores are addressed by experimental andt heoretical investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difluorenyl carbo‐Benzenes: Synthesis, Electronic Structure, and Two‐Photon Absorption Properties of Hydrocarbon Quadrupolar Chromophores

Baglai

Anda-Villa

Barba-Barba

et al. 2015

Chemistry A European J

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The synthesis, crystal and electronic structures, and one- and two-photon absorption properties of two quadrupolar fluorenyl-substituted tetraphenyl carbo-benzenes are described. These all-hydrocarbon chromophores, differing in the nature of the linkers between the fluorenyl substituents and the carbo-benzene core (C-C bonds for 3 a, C-C=C-C expanders for 3 b), exhibit quasi-superimposable one-photon absorption (1PA) spectra but different two-photon absorption (2PA) cross-sections σ2PA. Z-scan measurements (under NIR femtosecond excitation) indeed showed that the C≡C expansion results in an approximately twofold increase in the σ2PA value, from 336 to 656 GM (1 GM = 10(-50) cm(4) s molecule(-1) photon(-1)) at λ = 800 nm. The first excited states of Au and Ag symmetry accounting for 1PA and 2PA, respectively, were calculated at the TDDFT level of theory and used for sum-over-state estimations of σ2PA(λi), in which λi = 2 hc/Ei, h is Planck's constant, c is the speed of light, and Ei is the energy of the 2PA-allowed transition. The calculated σ2PA values of 227 GM at 687 nm for 3 a and 349 GM at 708 nm for 3 b are in agreement with the Z-scan results.

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“…Depending on the application, other photophysical properties in addition to strong molecular 2PA may also be required for the designed molecules. For example, to be utilized as an effective frequency up‐converter, molecules that simultaneously possess large 2PA values and high fluorescence quantum yields are very desirable, because a sufficient two‐photon action cross‐section value (i.e., quantum yield × two‐photon absorption cross‐section = Φ F δ 2 ) can be obtained for practical uses 1a,1d,2. In addition, knowing how to control the spectral dispersion of 2PA by tuning the molecular structure is another important issue, because in many cases, enhanced 2PA, either at a specific wavelength or within a particular spectral region, is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Two‐Photon Properties of Multi‐Branched Fluorophores Composed of Ladder‐Type Conjugated Cores and Functionalized Diquinoxalinylamino Peripheries

Lin¹,

Li²,

Liu³

et al. 2014

Eur J Org Chem

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Two multipolar fluorophores using ladder‐type oligo‐(p‐phenylene) units as the central π‐bridges and functionalized diquinoxalinylamino moieties as the peripheral groups have been synthesized and experimentally shown to manifest strong two‐photon absorption (2PA) and medium‐high up‐converted emission properties in the near‐IR (NIR) spectral region under the irradiation of femtosecond laser pulses. Tentative analysis of the structure–2PA property revealed that in the presented structural combination, diquinoxalinylamino units are useful 2PA‐enhancing subunits when properly incorporated. The π‐conjugation length of the central oligo‐(p‐phenylene) components was also found to be one of the key parameters that relates to the magnitude of the overall molecular 2PA properties in the studied molecular system, and this structural motif provides access to highly efficient two‐photon absorbers with large two‐photon action cross‐section values.

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Two-photon Absorbing Photonic Materials: From Fundamentals to Applications

Cited by 71 publications

References 98 publications

Femtosecond Laser in Polymeric Materials: Microfabrication of Doped Structures and Micromachining

Femtosecond Laser in Polymeric Materials: Microfabrication of Doped Structures and Micromachining

Difluorenyl carbo‐Benzenes: Synthesis, Electronic Structure, and Two‐Photon Absorption Properties of Hydrocarbon Quadrupolar Chromophores

Synthesis and Two‐Photon Properties of Multi‐Branched Fluorophores Composed of Ladder‐Type Conjugated Cores and Functionalized Diquinoxalinylamino Peripheries

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