Two-step in situ biodiesel production from microalgae with high free fatty acid content

Dong, Tao; Wang, Jun; Miao, Chao; Zheng, Yubin; Chen, Shulin

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.105

Cited by 126 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The chloroform in the mixture eluted, leaving the lipid classes adsorbed onto the column. Then, the lipid classes were eluted using solvent mix- [12]. Spots were visualized using iodine vapor [13].…”

Section: Fractionation Of the Total Lipids And Identification Of Eachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Soaking Pre-Treatment on Reactive Extraction/in situ Transesterification of Nannochloropsis occulata for Biodiesel Production

Salam¹,

Velásquez-Orta²,

Harvey³

2017

JSBS

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Microalgal phospholipid bilayer contributes to the molar excesses of methanol and high acid concentration required in reactive extraction to achieve high fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield. This study reports an investigation into the effects of pre-soaking Nannochloropsis occulata in methanol at 600:1 and 1000:1 methanol to oil molar ratios prior to acid-catalyzed in situ transesterification at 8.5:1 and 15:1 H 2 SO 4 to oil molar ratios on the FAME yield. The results showed that the pre-soaked Nannochloropsis occulata produced a higher FAME yield at the two tested methanol to oil molar ratios and acid concentrations than the un-soaked, resulting in a reduction in methanol volume and acid concentration. A maximum FAME yield of 98.4% ± 1.3% was obtained for the pre-soaked Nannochloropsis occulata at 1000:1 methanol to oil molar ratio and 15:1 H 2 SO 4 to oil molar ratio. Both the phosphorus mass balance and conversion of the isolated phospholipids into FAME revealed that pre-soaking solubilizes the phospholipid bilayer to some degree, and contributes to an increased FAME yield.

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Section: Fractionation Of the Total Lipids And Identification Of Eachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Soaking Pre-Treatment on Reactive Extraction/in situ Transesterification of Nannochloropsis occulata for Biodiesel Production

Salam¹,

Velásquez-Orta²,

Harvey³

2017

JSBS

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“…Polyunsaturated fatty acids are basically a mixture of long chain hydrocarbons which includes compounds such as tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, hexadecenoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosanoic acid. The other fractions are fatty acid methyl esters, ketones and aldehydes (Shuping et al, 2010;Dong et al, 2013).…”

Section: Thermogravimetry Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae Oil: Algae Cultivation and Harvest, Algae Residue Torrefaction and Diesel Engine Emissions Tests

Mwangi

Lee

Whang

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Microalgae can be used as a biological photocatalyst to reduce the CO 2 levels in the atmosphere, with the advantage of not competing with food crops for arable land, and thus offer a potential method for limiting climate change. Microalgae have also been proposed as a sustainable fuel source. This study investigated the microalgae harvest yields, the thermogravimetric behavior of both microalgae oil and microalgae residue, the torrefaction of microalgae residue, and diesel engine tests using diesel-microalgae biodiesel blends. The mean annual harvest rate of microalgae oil in open ponds was found to be 4355 kg per 10000 m 2 . Compared with conventional diesel, the fuel blends -B2 (2% microalgae biodiesel + 98% conventional diesel), B2-But20 (B2 + 20% Butanol) and B2-But20-W0.5 (B2-But20 + 0.5% water) showed a reduction of 22.0%, 57.2%, and 59.5% in PM emissions, and a decrease of 17.7%, 31.4% and 40.7% in BaPeq emissions, while B2-But20 and B2-But20-W0.5 had reduced NO x emissions, of approximately 25.0% and 28.2%, respectively, but B2 showed a 2.0% increase in NO x emissions. Conversely, the addition of water and butanol fractions in diesel increases HC and CO emissions, although these can be easily removed using tailpipe catalysts and absorbers. In addition, torrefaction of microalgae residue results in solid, liquid and gas products. This study is the first of its kind to report the liquid compositions from the torrefaction of microalgae residue. The condensate liquid products contained glucose molecules like 1,4:3,6-Dianhydro-α-d-glucopyranose, and furfural, limonene, pyridine, levoglucosan, and aziridine, among others. These compounds can be utilized as microalgae value added products, and applied in specialty industries as pharmaceutical, cosmetic, or solvent raw materials. Briefly, microalgae not only offer benefits in reducing CO 2 from the atmosphere or providing raw materials for biodiesel production, but microalgae residue can also be treated via torrefaction to produce biochar. Based on the results of this study, more research is recommended on the economic potential of using both solid and liquid products from microalgae torrefaction.

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“…Metodologias que fazem uso de técnicas de transesterificação in situ se tornam alternativas para a eliminação das limitações e perdas sofridas pelos processos convencionais de extração e conversão, integrando estas etapas e reduzindo custos (DONG et al, 2013). Velasquez-Orta et al (2012) alcançaram 77,6% de conversão em biodiesel com catalisador alcalino partindo de biomassa de Chlorella vulgaris como fonte de lipídios, combinando as etapas de extração e transesterificação.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Produção de biodiesel por transesterificação enzimática in situ em solvente orgânico a partir da biomassa de Desmodesmus sp.

John¹,

Silva²,

Hoeltz³

et al. 2017

RJP

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RESUMOUm dos materiais alternativos mais investigados atualmente para a produção de biodiesel são as microalgas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a avaliação do método de transesterificação enzimática in situ da microalga Desmodesmus sp. em solvente orgânico, acompanhando a reação através do monitoramento on-line com sonda de infravermelho e cromatografia gasosa. Dois ensaios foram realizados em condições distintas para efeito comparativo. Baseado nos resultados obtidos por espectroscopia e cromatografia, bem como nas propriedades calculadas a partir do perfil cromatográfico, pode-se concluir que é possível à produção de biodiesel in situ a partir de biomassa de microalgas, reduzindo a etapa de extração de óleo. Palavras-chave:Microalga. Desmodesmus sp. Biodiesel. Transesterificação in situ. Espectroscopia de infravermelho. Cromatografia gasosa. ABSTRACTOne of the most investigated alternative materials for the production of biodiesel is microalgae. The present work had the objective of evaluating the in situ enzymatic transesterification method using the microalga Desmodesmus sp. in organic solvent, following the reaction through online monitoring with infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography. Two experiments were carried out under different conditions for comparative effect. Based on the results obtained by spectroscopy and chromatography, as well as the properties calculated from the chromatographic profile, it can be concluded that it is possible to produce in situ biodiesel from microalgae biomass, eliminating the oil extraction step.

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Two-step in situ biodiesel production from microalgae with high free fatty acid content

Cited by 126 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of Soaking Pre-Treatment on Reactive Extraction/<i>in situ</i> Transesterification of <i>Nannochloropsis occulata</i> for Biodiesel Production

Effect of Soaking Pre-Treatment on Reactive Extraction/<i>in situ</i> Transesterification of <i>Nannochloropsis occulata</i> for Biodiesel Production

Microalgae Oil: Algae Cultivation and Harvest, Algae Residue Torrefaction and Diesel Engine Emissions Tests

Produção de biodiesel por transesterificação enzimática in situ em solvente orgânico a partir da biomassa de Desmodesmus sp.

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Two-step in situ biodiesel production from microalgae with high free fatty acid content

Cited by 126 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of Soaking Pre-Treatment on Reactive Extraction/&lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; Transesterification of &lt;i&gt;Nannochloropsis occulata&lt;/i&gt; for Biodiesel Production

Effect of Soaking Pre-Treatment on Reactive Extraction/&lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; Transesterification of &lt;i&gt;Nannochloropsis occulata&lt;/i&gt; for Biodiesel Production

Microalgae Oil: Algae Cultivation and Harvest, Algae Residue Torrefaction and Diesel Engine Emissions Tests

Produção de biodiesel por transesterificação enzimática in situ em solvente orgânico a partir da biomassa de Desmodesmus sp.

Contact Info

Product

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Effect of Soaking Pre-Treatment on Reactive Extraction/<i>in situ</i> Transesterification of <i>Nannochloropsis occulata</i> for Biodiesel Production

Effect of Soaking Pre-Treatment on Reactive Extraction/<i>in situ</i> Transesterification of <i>Nannochloropsis occulata</i> for Biodiesel Production