Two-temperature, two-dimensional fluid modelling of mercury plasma in high-pressure lamps

Charrada, K.; Zissis, Georges; Aubès, M.

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/29/9/030

Cited by 56 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This was also observed numerically by Charrada 24 and Stromberg, 30 and experimentally by Zollweg. 26 Now, let us try to find an explanation to the dynamic phenomenon that is the widening of the arc according to the current when the lamp reaches its steady state.…”

Section: Spatial Distribution Of the Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The value corresponding to a monoatomic ideal gas is used for the specific heat C p mentioned by Chase et al 23 The transport coefficients calculated in the frame of the first-order approximation give a sufficient accuracy for a large number of plasma references 9,24 where the basic data needed are available, while more sophisticated calculations like those of Devoto 25 will require unaffordable efforts due to missing fundamental data.…”

Section: ͑6͒mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A two-dimensional modeling of the warm-up phase of a high-pressure mercury discharge lamp

et al. 2010

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The main objective of this work is to provide a better understanding of the warm-up phase of high-intensity discharge lamps. As an example of application, we chose the high-pressure mercury lamp. Based on two-dimensional fluid model parameters, such as the electric current, the length and the diameter of the burner are modified and the effect of the convective transport is studied. This allows us to obtain a thorough understanding of the physics of these lamps in their transitory phase. The simulation of the warm-up phase is a must for the proper predictions of the lamp behavior and can be conducted by solving the energy balance, momentum, and Laplace's equations for the plasma, using the frame of the local thermodynamic equilibrium coupled with the energy balance of the wall.

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Section: Spatial Distribution Of the Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: ͑6͒mentioning

confidence: 99%

A two-dimensional modeling of the warm-up phase of a high-pressure mercury discharge lamp

et al. 2010

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“…However, since 1988, experiments in high-pressure mercury arcs suggest the existence of departures from LTE in the form of deviation from Boltzmann population for the Hg excited states. 3 Furthermore, based on the simulation results obtained by Charrada et al 4 using a two-temperature, twodimensional ͑2D͒ fluid code for similar discharges, we conclude that the gas ''temperature'' should be different from the ''electron temperature.'' This last remark suggests that ground state population obtained experimentally, applying the perfect gas law at a ''unique thermodynamic temperature,'' T, could be erroneous.…”

Section: Experimental Investigation Of Deviations From Local Thermodymentioning

confidence: 55%

Experimental investigation of deviations from local thermodynamic equilibrium in high-pressure mercury discharges

Elloumi

Kindel²,

Schimke³

et al. 1999

Journal of Applied Physics

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The determination of the radial profile of the ground state density without assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) conditions in around atmospheric pressure (0.01 MPa<p<0.3 MPa) discharges used as light sources is a worthy investigation subject. This work deals with the high-pressure mercury discharge which could be considered as a “test case.” Particularly useful for the diagnostics of these plasmas is the self-reversed resonance mercury line 253.7 nm. In this article, two independent experimental methods were used: emission spectroscopy, called the “ΔλR method,” and interference shift measurements “hook method.” Using the Hg-253.7 nm resonance line, both experimental methods indicate similar deviations from LTE in particular for the lower pressure discharges (p<0.04 MPa). In those cases, the experimental errors for both methods are significantly lower than the detected deviations. Furthermore, the measured deviations are in good agreement with predicted values from a two-temperature, two-dimensional fluid model developed elsewhere.

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“…The similar conditions are realized near the cathode in a thermionic converter and in high-pressure arc discharges. It was shown [23] that, in such types of discharge, the hot core of the plasma is closer to thermal equilibrium, while the departure from thermal equilibrium takes place near the wall. These deviations are expressed as differences between the electron and heavy particle temperatures (T e [ T g ), especially when the operating current is relatively low.…”

Section: Relaxation Of the Electron Temperature Near The Cathodementioning

confidence: 99%

Model of the Plasma Photovoltaic Conversion of Concentrated Solar Radiation: Short-Circuit Current and Open-Circuit Voltage

Горбунов

Flamant

2015

Plasma Chem Plasma Process

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A model of the direct photoelectric conversion of concentrated solar radiation in a plasma ignited in a heat pipe filled with a mixture of sodium vapor and krypton is developed. The model considers the non-homogeneous distribution of the alkali atom density in the heat-pipe volume and the thermionic effect of a cathode. The model treats a hot plasma core in a local thermal equilibrium (LTE) state and takes into account nonequilibrium layers near the converter walls. The model is employed to calculate an opencircuit voltage, a plasma resistance, a short-circuit current, an energy flux of positive ions directed toward the cathode, and a conversion efficiency of the solar radiation. Two different approaches were used to estimate a value of the electron temperature in the ionization non-equilibrium layer near the cathode. We assumed within the framework of an isothermal approximation that the electron temperature in the ionization layer near the cathode is equal to the temperature of the LTE plasma. This isothermal model predicted a rather low value (approximately 3 %) for the conversion efficiency. We found within the framework of a two-temperature model that the reduction of the electron temperature by 20 % compared with the LTE plasma temperature took place at the outer boundary of the ionization layer near the cathode. This non-isothermal model predicts a rather high value (approximately 33 %) for the conversion efficiency for a 3009 solar radiation concentration ratio.

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Two-temperature, two-dimensional fluid modelling of mercury plasma in high-pressure lamps

Cited by 56 publications

References 15 publications

A two-dimensional modeling of the warm-up phase of a high-pressure mercury discharge lamp

A two-dimensional modeling of the warm-up phase of a high-pressure mercury discharge lamp

Experimental investigation of deviations from local thermodynamic equilibrium in high-pressure mercury discharges

Model of the Plasma Photovoltaic Conversion of Concentrated Solar Radiation: Short-Circuit Current and Open-Circuit Voltage

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