Tympanic Resonance Hypothesis

Abstract

Seemingly unrelated symptoms in the head and neck region are eliminated when a patch is applied on specific locations on the Tympanic Membrane. Clinically, two distinct patient populations can be distinguished; cervical and masticatory muscle tensions are involved, and mental moods of anxiety or need. Clinical observations lead to the hypothesis of a "Tympanic Resonance Regulating System." Its controller, the Trigeminocervical complex, integrates external auditory, somatosensory, and central impulses. It modulates auditory attention, and directs it toward unpredictable external or expected domestic and internal sounds: peripherally by shifting the resonance frequencies of the Tympanic Membrane; centrally by influencing the throughput of auditory information to the neural attention networks that toggle between scanning and focusing; and thus altering the perception of auditory information. The hypothesis leads to the assumption that the Trigeminocervical complex is composed of a dorsal component, and a ventral one which may overlap with the concept of "Trigeminovagal complex." "Tympanic Dissonance" results in a host of local and distant symptoms, most of which can be attributed to activation of the Trigeminocervical complex. Diagnostic and therapeutic measures for this "Tympanic Dissonance Syndrome" are suggested.

COVID-19 pandemic: health impact of staying at home, social distancing and ‘lockdown’ measures—a systematic review of systematic reviews

“…The direct health impact that has been covered in the greatest number of included articles relates to mental health, 16–19 , 21 , 22 , 24–26 , 28–34 , 36–38 , 40 , 44 , 45 , 48 , 49 , 52 followed by systematic reviews on healthcare delivery, 1–13 and those on infection control. 23 , 27 , 35 , 36 , 41–43 , 46 , 48 , 50 , 51 The predominant areas of indirect health impacts covered by the included studies relate to the economic 9 , 21 , 23 , 27 , 28 , 31 , 33 , 43 , 44 , 47–52 and social impacts. 9 , 23 , 31 , 43 , 44 , 50 , 52 Only 3 articles mentioned the negative impact on education.…”

“… 23 , 27 , 35 , 36 , 41–43 , 46 , 48 , 50 , 51 The predominant areas of indirect health impacts covered by the included studies relate to the economic 9 , 21 , 23 , 27 , 28 , 31 , 33 , 43 , 44 , 47–52 and social impacts. 9 , 23 , 31 , 43 , 44 , 50 , 52 Only 3 articles mentioned the negative impact on education. 17 , 33 , 50 …”

“…The areas of indirect health impact 9 , 17 , 21 , 23 , 27 , 28 , 31 , 33 , 43 , 44 , 47–52 identified in the included studies concern the economic and social impact, the impact on education and the lack of supplies and food ( Table 2 ).…”

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“…We hear the correct pitch in such cases also and is called virtual pitch or missing fundamental (Su & Delgutte, 2019;Suits, 2019). In many musical instruments, the sound is produced with missing fundamental like in Timpani and Kim (Boedts, 2020;Thangprasert, 2015). There are many reasons for missing fundamental in instruments, for example in Timpani air loading generates missing fundamental and in Indian drums like Tabla the striking method by the artist creates missing fundamental (Rossing, 1977;Tiwari & Gupta, 2017).…”

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“…Однако другие исследователи считают, что такие признаки, как эозинофилия и тучные клетки, являются редкими находками в слизистой оболочке среднего уха при ЭСО [16,17]. В литературе встречаются работы, которые свидетельствуют о нарушении функций слуховой трубы при интраназальной гистаминовой пробе [18].…”