Type 1 Allergy-Induced Endolymphatic Hydrops and the Suppressive Effect of Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist

Abstract

The sensitization with DNP-Ascaris produced allergic EH and elevation of p-AVP, and allergic EH was inhibited by LTRA.

Type 1 Allergy-Induced Endolymphatic Hydrops and the Suppressive Effect of H1-Receptor Antagonist (Olopatadine Hydrochloride)

“…The development of EH was observed as early as 1 hour after the provocation with DNP-BSA including DNP-As. Degranulation of mast cells was found in the lumen of the endolymphatic sac 1 hour after the last immune challenge as previously observed (2). The cell infiltrations were observed only at this time point, and not thereafter.…”

“…It has been known that the level of plasma vasopressin is elevated during acute allergic attacks and that it returns to normal upon resolution of these attacks (19Y21). A previous study demonstrated that immunization with DNP-As caused a marked elevation in plasma vasopressin levels but that premedication with a leukotriene receptor antagonist (pranlukast hydrate) suppressed this elevation (2). Administration of OLO-Hy is considered to stop the allergic reaction because it suppresses the degranulation of mast cells.…”

“…We previously speculated that both the elevation of plasma vasopressin levels followed by acute allergic reaction and the release of chemical mediators from the degranulated mast cells in the endolymphatic sac are associated with the mechanism underlying the immuneinduced development of EH (2). It has been known that the level of plasma vasopressin is elevated during acute allergic attacks and that it returns to normal upon resolution of these attacks (19Y21).…”

“…Systemic immune challenge with 2,4-dinitrophenylatedAscaris (DNP-As) antigen has been found to produce EH in guinea pigs (2). The degranulation of mast cells was also observed in the endolymphatic sac within 1 hour of the immune provocation with DNP-As.…”

“…Activated mast cells may secrete active chemical mediators, such as histamine, leukotriene, and prostaglandin, which can act on the inner ear tissues (3). For example, premedication of leukotriene receptor antagonist inhibited the development of EH induced by immune challenge with DNP-As (2). A similar suppressive effect was obtained by a histamine antagonist of the H 1 -receptor because histamine receptors for H 1 , H 2 , and H 3 have been confirmed to be expressed in the rabbit endolymphatic sac (4).…”