Type 2 diabetes mellitus: distribution of genetic markers in Kazakh population

Abstract

BackgroundEthnic differences exist in the frequencies of genetic variations that contribute to the risk of common disease. This study aimed to analyse the distribution of several genes, previously associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and obesity-related phenotypes, in a Kazakh population.MethodsA total of 966 individuals belonging to the Kazakh ethnicity were recruited from an outpatient clinic. We genotyped 41 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously associated with type 2 diabetes in other ethnic groups and 31 of these were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. The obtained allele frequencies were further compared to publicly available data from other ethnic populations. Allele frequencies for other (compared) populations were pooled from the haplotype map (HapMap) database. Principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis, and multidimensional scaling (MDS) were used for the analysis of genetic relationship between the populations.ResultsComparative analysis of allele frequencies of the studied SNPs showed significant differentiation among the studied populations. The Kazakh population was grouped with Asian populations according to the cluster analysis and with the Caucasian populations according to PCA. According to MDS, results of the current study show that the Kazakh population holds an intermediate position between Caucasian and Asian populations.ConclusionA high percentage of population differentiation was observed between Kazakh and world populations. The Kazakh population was clustered with Caucasian populations, and this result may indicate a significant Caucasian component in the Kazakh gene pool.

Rapid detection of type II diabetes mellitus in Saudi patients via simultaneous screening of multiple SNPs

“…More recently, a number of 41 genes previously associated with T2D and obesity were studied in a Kazakh population [38]. The results indicated that some of these SNPs might have a considerable effect on the predisposition to development of diabetes.…”

Genetic Variations of Nutrition Related Genes and Food Preferences in the Kazakhs of Kazakhstan

“…A number of studies based on historical and genetic data have suggested that the Kazakh population was formed as a result of admixture of European and Asian populations [27]. Comparative analysis of allelic frequencies of the studied SNPs showed significant differences between the Kazakh population and the majority of other population groups from the 1000 Genome project database.…”

Association of polymorphism genes LPL, ADRB2, AGT and AGTR1 with risk of hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance in the Kazakh population

“…The Kazakh population is the indigenous population of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which is located between Europe and Asia. The geographic location of the Republic of Kazakhstan for numerous centuries has contributed to the formation of a specific gene pool, which is different from the genetic pools of other populations ( 13 ). A recent study reported that the Kazakh population was anthropologically similar to the Mongoloid ethnicity, and they have an intermediate position between the Caucasian and Asian populations ( 13 ).…”

“…The geographic location of the Republic of Kazakhstan for numerous centuries has contributed to the formation of a specific gene pool, which is different from the genetic pools of other populations ( 13 ). A recent study reported that the Kazakh population was anthropologically similar to the Mongoloid ethnicity, and they have an intermediate position between the Caucasian and Asian populations ( 13 ). Moreover, allelic frequency distributions of 22 autosomal short tandem repeats in the Kazakh population differ from Han, Xinjiang, Kyrgyz and Xibe populations, but are similar to the Uyghurs ( 14 ).…”