Typology of Development at Spatial Patterns of Water Edge Area in Malay Ethnic Community in Pontianak

Abstract

City development is a concrete picture between human activities and the progress of process experienced by humans. City development can be shown by changes in regional styling planning patterns. Understanding the changes that have occurred is an important step in finding patterns of development as a basis for knowledge and preparation for future developments so that the city does not lose its identity. The Pontianak city is known as the city of a thousand rivers which started the formation of the city from the water’s edge. The Pontianak city is a city with various ethnicities, one of the largest being ethnic Malays. This condition is the reason the research focuses on the development of spatial planning in Pontianak City with the waterfront area and the Malay ethnicity. The purpose of this study was to determine the typology of the development of the Malay ethnic spatial pattern on the waterfront of Pontianak City and its causes. The object of this research is every river lanes and ditches in the Pontianak City area that mapped through satellite mapping. The method used in this research is a combination of quantitative and qualitative. This research was started using a qualitative approach in the form of secondary data collection (historical records of the distribution of spatial patterns) which was then followed by a quantitative approach in the form of analysis of water transportation routes (rivers and ditches) with space syntax. The results showed that there was a development of typology of waterfront spatial patterns in the Malay ethnic group in Pontianak City, which was originally a linear pattern that followed the shape of the main route (Kapuas and Landak River ) to become a cluster pattern (more random in shape and protrudes into). This is due to the development of transportation routes so that the integration value becomes even. An even integration value makes it easier to reach between regions and does not only focus on the main water transportation routes (Kapuas and Landak River)