Tyre/road interaction model for the prediction of road texture influence on rolling resistance

Abstract

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A model for investigating the influence of road surface texture and tyre tread pattern on rolling resistance

“…In [17] a good correlation between C r and RMS has been reported. For the data considered in the present study, this is mostly true as well, see Fig.…”

“…The correlation is in the order of r % 0:82 for the measurements and r % 0:91 for the simulations if all road surfaces are considered. In [17] a better correlation was reported. This can be explained by the fact that in [17] only road surfaces with RMS o 2:2 mm and C r o 1:5 Á 10 À 2 have been considered.…”

“…[21,28,29]), or numerical FE models (e.g. [17,30]) have been used to model the vibrational behaviour of tyres. In recent years several approaches combining parts of conventional FE modelling with analytical methods have been presented, for example by Nilsson [31] or Waki et al [32].…”

“…Rolling is calculated for five full tyre revolutions of which the last one is used to calculate P in and P tread from Eqs. (16) and (17).…”

“…Accordingly, the small scale variations of road roughness and the complex interrelation between tyre deformation and contact forces, which are both essential for the correct modelling of tyre vibrations, are typically ignored in FE simulations. Recently, Boere et al [17] proposed a two-step process to overcome this limitation. It superposes a dynamic local tread/road interaction on the large scale deformations obtained from FEM.…”