Abstract:Background
Asphodelus microcarpus belongs to the family Liliaceae that include several medicinal plants. In the traditional medicine plants of the genus Asphodelus are used to treat skin disorders such as ectodermal parasites, psoriasis, microbial infection and for lightening freckles. In order to find novel skin depigmenting agents, the present work was carry out to evaluate antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibitory potential of leaves, flowers and tubers extracts of A. microcarpus. The phytochemical com… Show more
“…Data on retention times, ( t
r ), wavelengths of maximum absorbance ( λ
max ), pseudo-molecular ions ([M-H] − ), diagnostic fragments and tentative identification for each peak of the phenolic compounds detected are listed in Table 3. Results showed a phenolic profile similar to the previously described in A. microcarpus flowers [43] but, in this case, the major peak 2 occurs with luteolin-6-C-glucoside. Moreover, cichoric acid and cumaril exosa malic acid were not present in flowers extract.Fig.…”
BackgroundMany plants have been used in traditional medicine for their antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antiviral, antidiarrhoeal, analgesic, antimalarial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities.In order to find novel antimicrobial and antiviral agents, the aim of the present study was the evaluation of the antibacterial and antibiofilm susceptibility of Asphodelus microcarpus leaves extract. Moreover, the antiviral activity and the phytochemical composition of the active extract were also determined.MethodsAntimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of leaves ethanol extract of A. microcarpus were evaluated on 13 different microbial strains. We selected three different sets of microorganisms: (i) Gram-positive bacteria, (ii) Gram-negative bacteria and (iii) yeasts. The potential antiviral activity of A. microcarpus leaves ethanol extract was evaluated with a luciferase reporter gene assay in which the dsRNA-dependent RIG-I-mediated IFN-β activation was inducted or inhibited by the Ebola virus VP35 protein. HPLC-DAD-MS was used to identify phenolic profile of the active extract.Results
A. microcarpus leaves extract showed a potent inhibitory activity on Gram-positive bacteria while only a reduced inhibition was observed on Gram-negative bacteria. No activity was detected against Yeasts. The extract also showed an interesting antibiofilm motif on various bacterial strains (E. coli, S. aureus, S. haemolyticus and B. clausii). Moreover, this extract significantly affected the Ebola virus VP35 inhibition of the viral RNA (vRNA) induced IFN response.ConclusionsThe overall results provide supportive data on the use of A. microcarpus as antimicrobial agent and a potential source of anti-viral natural products.Data collected set the bases for further studies for the identification of single active components and the development of new pharmaceuticals.
“…Data on retention times, ( t
r ), wavelengths of maximum absorbance ( λ
max ), pseudo-molecular ions ([M-H] − ), diagnostic fragments and tentative identification for each peak of the phenolic compounds detected are listed in Table 3. Results showed a phenolic profile similar to the previously described in A. microcarpus flowers [43] but, in this case, the major peak 2 occurs with luteolin-6-C-glucoside. Moreover, cichoric acid and cumaril exosa malic acid were not present in flowers extract.Fig.…”
BackgroundMany plants have been used in traditional medicine for their antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antiviral, antidiarrhoeal, analgesic, antimalarial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities.In order to find novel antimicrobial and antiviral agents, the aim of the present study was the evaluation of the antibacterial and antibiofilm susceptibility of Asphodelus microcarpus leaves extract. Moreover, the antiviral activity and the phytochemical composition of the active extract were also determined.MethodsAntimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of leaves ethanol extract of A. microcarpus were evaluated on 13 different microbial strains. We selected three different sets of microorganisms: (i) Gram-positive bacteria, (ii) Gram-negative bacteria and (iii) yeasts. The potential antiviral activity of A. microcarpus leaves ethanol extract was evaluated with a luciferase reporter gene assay in which the dsRNA-dependent RIG-I-mediated IFN-β activation was inducted or inhibited by the Ebola virus VP35 protein. HPLC-DAD-MS was used to identify phenolic profile of the active extract.Results
A. microcarpus leaves extract showed a potent inhibitory activity on Gram-positive bacteria while only a reduced inhibition was observed on Gram-negative bacteria. No activity was detected against Yeasts. The extract also showed an interesting antibiofilm motif on various bacterial strains (E. coli, S. aureus, S. haemolyticus and B. clausii). Moreover, this extract significantly affected the Ebola virus VP35 inhibition of the viral RNA (vRNA) induced IFN response.ConclusionsThe overall results provide supportive data on the use of A. microcarpus as antimicrobial agent and a potential source of anti-viral natural products.Data collected set the bases for further studies for the identification of single active components and the development of new pharmaceuticals.
“…However, apparent side effects such as gastrointestinal disturbance and liver damage posed by the synthetic inhibitors have been reported. In addition, available cholinesterase and tyrosinase inhibitors have been found to pose adverse effects . There is, therefore, an urgent need to search for new classes of bioactive compounds with inhibitory attributes from natural sources without side effects …”
Introduction
In the quest for new sources of biologically‐active compounds, the chemical, and biological profiles of two Globularia species (G. trichosantha Fisch. & C. A. Mey and G. orientalis L.) were investigated.
Methodology
Chemical profiles were evaluated by high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionisation and quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (HPLC‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS), as well as by their total phenolic, flavonoids, and phenolic acids contents. The antioxidant abilities of the investigated extracts were done using different assays including free radical scavenging [1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid (ABTS)], reducing power (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power), phosphomolybdenum, and metal chelating. Inhibitory potential against key enzymes involved in neurodegenerative diseases (cholinesterases; AChE, and BChE), diabetes (α‐glucosidase and α‐amylase), hyperpigmentation (tyrosinase) and obesity (pancreatic lipase) were evaluated.
Results
Globularia trichosantha and G. orientalis extracts showed remarkable antioxidant properties, with the water extracts being a better source of antioxidant compounds. Both species showed remarkable inhibitory effects against the target enzymes. However, for both species, only the acetyl acetate and methanolic extracts were potent against cholinesterases and lipase.
Conclusion
HPLC‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS analysis revealed the presence of 107 compounds from G. trichosantha and G. orientalis, among which, 43 compounds have been preliminarily characterised for the first time from the Globulariaceae family. To date, this study can be considered as the most comprehensive research focused on the characterisation of G. trichosantha and G. orientalis. Results amassed from this study tend to show that these plants represent a rich source of biologically active compounds which can be further explored and validated for their therapeutic potential.
“…Tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1) represents the key enzyme in the first two steps of melanin biosynthesis, catalyzing the hydroxylation of L‐tyrosine to L‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (L‐DOPA) and the oxidation of DOPA to DOPAquinone . The melanin pigment plays an important role in the protection against UV damage, representing an important defense system of the skin against harmful factors, and is involved in hyperpigmentation disorders and melanoma . Moreover, tyrosinase activity can cause the undesirable browning of plant‐derived food .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[44][45][46] The melanin pigment plays an important role in the protection against UV damage, representing an important defense system of the skin against harmful factors, and is involved in hyperpigmentation disorders and melanoma. [44][45][46] Moreover, tyrosinase activity can cause the undesirable browning of plantderived food. [45,46] Therefore, tyrosinase inhibitors, free of harmful side effects, have become increasingly important for medical, cosmetic and food applications.…”
Seeds of Citrus plants (Rutaceae), an major agro‐industrial waste, are a potential source of valuable by‐products. The chemical composition, the antioxidant profile, and the biological/nutritional properties of fixed oils (SFE oils) obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction (at 300 bar and 40 °C) from seeds of mandarin (Citrus reticulata), lemon (Citrus limon), and grapefruit (Citrus paradisi), discarded by a local agro‐alimentary industry are studied. The yields and compositions of SFE oils are compared to oils obtained by n‐hexane extraction of Citrus seeds in a Soxhlet apparatus (SoxE oils). Linoleic (35–42%), oleic (22–28%), palmitic (21–25%), α‐linolenic (4–10%), and stearic (4–7%) are the main oil fatty acids, while monolinolein and dilinolein derivatives represent the main triacylglycerols in SFE oils, determined by GC‐FID and HPLC‐DAD/ELSD techniques. Citrus SFE oils show lower yields than SoxE oils but similar chemical profiles. Principal components analysis applied to fatty acid and triacylglycerol data indicates that the oils from different seeds are tightly clustered. Moreover, SFE oils show radical scavenging activities (ABTS assays), an inhibitory effect on the growth of murine B16F10 melanoma cells and on the mushroom tyrosinase activity. Citrus SFE oils and de‐coated seeds are also evaluated for their attractant effect on the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata by behavioral assays. The results qualify Citrus SFE oils as a potential natural, environmentally‐friendly, resource for food/pharmaceutical applications.
Practical Applications: The environmentally‐friendly supercritical CO2 extraction of waste lemon, mandarin, and grapefruit seeds gives edible fixed oils a richness in essential fatty acids, suitable for human nutrition and the preparation of nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals.
Edible fixed oils obtained from lemon, mandarin, and grapefruit seeds by SFE‐CO2 extraction show high levels of essential fatty acids, antioxidant, anticancer, and antityrosinase activity.
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