Tyrosine ameliorates a cold-induced delayed matching-to-sample performance decrement in rats

Tyrosine reverses a cold-induced working memory deficit in humans

“…This is These results clearly indicate that exposure to cold stress an important point, because unlike most pharmacological impairs working memory in humans as assessed by a DMTS agents, tyrosine may only be utilized when it is needed, such task, and this impairment is manifest at the longest delay as under conditions of extreme stress. This form of treatment, interval between sample and comparison stimuli of 16 s. These therefore, may often times be less efficacious in modifying results are consistent with previous studies showing that cold catecholaminergic neurotransmission than more direct acting stress induces working memory impairment (1, 29,32,34).…”

“…Cold stress Tyrosine Working memory Catecholamines Matching-to-sample ACUTE exposure to environmental stressors is associated finding has been attributed to the effect of cold on short-term, with a variety of biochemical changes and behavioral and cogor working, memory (1, 29,32,34). This deficit in DMTS pernitive deficits.…”

“…Previous research release during acute exposure to stressful conditions has been does, in fact, suggest DA and NE are involved in short-term, related to impaired motor behavior in rats (25) and is hypotheor working, memory. Reductions in NE and DA CNS levels sized to result in deficits in cognitive function (4,29,32,34). associated with biochemical lesions, for example, have been In terms of cognitive impairment, recent research has demshown to impeair DMTS performance (2,9).…”

Chronic intermittent cold stress and serotonin depletion induce deficits of reversal learning in an attentional set-shifting test in rats

“…Previous studies have shown that exposure to acute cold stress impaired performance on a delayed match-to-sample task, attributed to effects on short-term or working memory Shurtleff et al 1993;Thomas et al 1989;Thomas et al 1991). Rats immersed in cold water (17°C) were also reported to be more behaviorally depressed than controls (Rauch and Lieberman 1980).…”

“…Analogous patterns of cognitive impairment and adverse mood changes have been reported in humans. Acute cold exposure during cognitive testing degraded performance, including vigilance, reaction time, reasoning skills and short-term memory (e.g., see Coleshaw et al 1983;Mahoney et al 2007;Patil et al 1995;Shurtleff et al 1993). In addition to decrements in performance on a 4-choice reaction task and impairment in delayed match-to-sample tasks, cold-stressed individuals also reported higher levels of tension, confusion and depression on the subscale of the Profile of Mood States questionnaire, and had significantly higher "total mood disturbance" scores (Mahoney et al 2007).…”