U.S. Building Stock Characterization Study: A National Typology for Decarbonizing U.S. Buildings

Reyna, Janet; Wilson, Eric; Parker, Andrew; Satre-Meloy, Aven; Egerter, Amy; Bianchi, Carlo; Praprost, Marlena; Speake, Andrew; Liu, Lixi; Horsey, Ry; Dahlhausen, Matthew; CaraDonna, Christopher; Rothgeb, Stacey

doi:10.2172/1877069

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Maximum temperature ( The existing research explained retrofit approaches that deliver reductions in air infiltration in such residences [4]. The study also noted that those strategies should be executed in ways that could reduce or eliminate disruption to occupants' activities when internal modifications are considered.…”

Section: Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The climate regions include cold, very cold, mixed-humid, hot-humid, mixed-dry, hot-dry, and marine. Additionally, in the "Building America Climate" regions, there are different typologies of residential buildings [4]. The typologies include single-family detached, single-family attached, mobile residences, multi-family between two and four units, multi-family of five or more units (1-3 stories), and multi-family of five or more units (four and above stories).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variations in Gender Perceptions of Summer Comfort and Adaptation in Colonial Revival-Style Homes

Adekunle

2024

Sustainability

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Past investigations have assessed gender variations in thermal comfort and adaptation in different buildings. However, no reported study has evaluated differences in gender perceptions of the thermal environment in US Colonial Revival-style homes. As a result, this study aims to provide an understanding of variations in gender perceptions of summer comfort and adaptation in the buildings. The study evaluated data collected during the field studies of thermal comfort (FSTC), including physical measurements of environmental variables and subjects’ votes. In this study, 67% females and 33% males participated in the field surveys in summertime. The mean neutral temperature of 25.5 °C and preferred temperature of 24.9 °C were noted for females. For males, the mean neutral and preferred temperatures of 25.8 °C and 25.6 °C were observed. Females feel neutral and prefer “no change” to the thermal environment at lower temperatures than males. A difference of 0.3 °C was noted between the average heat indices for females and males. Male respondents who feel warm perceive less air quality more than females. Females and males who perceive being thermally comfortable also perceive good air quality. Females and males who are thermally comfortable rated air humidity to be acceptable. There are similarities and differences between gender perceptions of the thermal environment. The investigation suggests interventions that can help users regulate their skin temperatures and use control measures that are sensitive to clothing insulation. The research also calls for policies that can promote building users’ pivotal adaptive measures to improve their indoor thermal environment. The study enhances our understanding of sustainable indoor environments and how to improve living conditions and adaptive modifications among different groups of occupants in buildings.

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Section: Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in Gender Perceptions of Summer Comfort and Adaptation in Colonial Revival-Style Homes

Adekunle

2024

Sustainability

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“…Baechler et al [51] and the US Department Energy Building America Program [52,53] defined the main "Building America" climate regions (i.e., marine, hotdry, mixed-dry, hot-humid, mixed-humid, cold, and very cold) using a similar illustration as shown in Figure 1. Additionally, the technical report by Reyna et al [54], and the dataset from [55] provide further explanation regarding the various building climate zones. Figure 2 shows various categories of residential building stock in "Building America" climate regions in the United States.…”

Section: Description Of Case Study Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupants’ Perceptions of Comfort, Control, and Adaptation in Colonial Revival Style Residences

Adekunle

2023

Sustainability

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This study examines occupants’ perceptions of comfort, control, and adaptation in Colonial Revival style residences in the “Building America Climate” cold region of the United States. The research considered these buildings due to their attractiveness and availability in the study area. The research intends to address the following question—Do occupants’ perceptions of comfort significantly impact their perceptions of control and adaptation within the buildings? This study utilized indoor monitoring of variables in the summer, thermal comfort surveys (110 respondents), walk-throughs, observations, and informal interviews to collect data for analysis. The residents that perceived higher air movement and humidity also use control more often and are more often satisfied with the level of control. The differences between the mean neutral temperatures were within the range of 2.2 °C. On a seven-point scale, the mean thermal sensation votes (TSV) and thermal comfort (TC) were 3.25 and 5.05, respectively. The study revealed higher perceptions of the thermal environment among residents who spent longer hours in the buildings than those that spent fewer hours within the residences. The research implies that while there are limited options for control, the residents who spent longer hours in the buildings perceived themselves to be more comfortable and to be able to adapt better using available adaptive measures than those who spent fewer hours in the residences. The study notes that, as people migrate from one thermal environment to another, their adaptation level may change depending on certain factors, including the adaptive measures available to them. The research recommends the integration of transitional smart devices (such as remotely controlled thermostats, etc.), including control for the residents who spent fewer hours in those buildings.

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“…The red dash line represents the annual electricity usage of a baseline buildings. (59) The annual electricity consumption of the device switching to different emissivity states as a percentage of the annual electricity usage of a baseline building is labeled on the bar.…”

Section: Aqueous Electrolyte For Electrochromismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous mid-infrared electrically switchable opaque building envelopes for all-season radiative thermoregulation

Sui

Chen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Radiative thermoregulation has been considered a promising approach for reducing the heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) energy consumption of buildings and solving the global climate change issues. Electrochromism is a powerful way to dynamically control the heat balance of buildings in response to fluctuating weather conditions, but it has been largely limited to visible and near-infrared wavelength regimes. Here, we develop an aqueous flexible electrochromic system based on graphene ultra-wideband transparent conductive electrode and reversible electrodeposition, which can non-volatilely tune the thermal emissivity between 0.07 (heating) and 0.92 (cooling) with substantial long-term stability and durability. Building energy simulation demonstrates that applying our electrochromic device to building envelopes can save the year-round operational HVAC energy consumption across the U.S., especially in cold climate zone (up to 43.1 MBtu on average among climate zones 5-8). Furthermore, such a dynamic building envelope shows more profound benefits on less insulated buildings, with up to 19.44% of the year-round operational HVAC energy saving for building with only 25% insulation layer, which can serve as a technological solution to retrofit historical buildings or to complement newly constructed buildings with less insulation for lower embodied carbon.

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U.S. Building Stock Characterization Study: A National Typology for Decarbonizing U.S. Buildings

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Variations in Gender Perceptions of Summer Comfort and Adaptation in Colonial Revival-Style Homes

Variations in Gender Perceptions of Summer Comfort and Adaptation in Colonial Revival-Style Homes

Occupants’ Perceptions of Comfort, Control, and Adaptation in Colonial Revival Style Residences

Aqueous mid-infrared electrically switchable opaque building envelopes for all-season radiative thermoregulation

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